Progressive failure of prestressed concrete sleepers under multiple high-intensity impact loads

Kaewunruen, Sakdirat; Remennikov, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.06.002

Cited by 105 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These drop heights and drop mass are selected to produce dynamic stresses in the range of 400-600 kPa, simulating and a typical wheel-flat and dipped rail joint. Impact loads are monitored by a dynamic load cell (capacity of 1,200 kN), mounted on the drop hammer and connected to a computer controlled data acquisition system [27]. An accelerometer is attached on the top surface of ballast assembly to measure accelerations during impact tests.…”

Section: Prototype Testing and Experimental Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Decades of Advancement in Process Simulation Testing of Ballast Strength, Deformation, and Degradation

Indraratna

Ngo

Nimbalkar

et al. 2018

Railroad Ballast Testing and Properties

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This paper describes salient features of a set of large-scale ballast testing equipment developed at the University of Wollongong, Australia, and how the test results and research outcomes have contributed to transforming tracks in the Australian heavy haul and commuter networks, particularly with regards to the strength, deformation, and degradation of ballast. Ideally, ballast assemblies should be tested in prototype scale under actual loading conditions. This is because a reduction in particle sizes for testing in smaller equipment can reduce the internal angle of friction (shearing resistance) of the granular assembly in a macro sense, and the angularity of the particles in a micro sense, and hence the volumetric changes during the shearing process. In response to the worldwide lack of proper test facilities for ballast, the University of Wollongong has, since the early 1990s, designed and built a number of large-scale process simulation triaxial testing rigs. They are all custom made to minimize any boundary effects and also to evaluate the deformation and degradation of ballast, particularly the size, shape, and origin of aggregates used as ballast in Australian tracks. This triaxial process simulation equipment was originally used to characterize the behavior of coarse aggregate used for state railway standards for monotonic loading, but since then it has been fitted with dynamic actuators to simulate actual track conditions involving the true cyclic loading nature while also capturing the wheel-rail dynamics that correspond to high-speed commuter rail and fast heavy-haul operations. These tests invariably demonstrated completely different stress-strain and volumetric characteristics of ballast compared to conventional static or monotonic testing of the same test specimens. AbstractThis paper describes salient features of a set of large-scale ballast testing equipment developed at University of

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Section: Prototype Testing and Experimental Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Decades of Advancement in Process Simulation Testing of Ballast Strength, Deformation, and Degradation

Indraratna

Ngo

Nimbalkar

et al. 2018

Railroad Ballast Testing and Properties

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“…In this case the dynamic load at the contact between the impactor nose and rail head can reach 880 kN, see Figure 4. Figure 4 Time history of contact force between impactor and rail head due to drop heights of 600 mm (left) and 400 mm (right), the experimental results adapted from (Kaewunruen and Remennikov, 2009) Figure 5 Ralationship between bending moment at the rail seat and contact load at the rail head, the experimental results adapted from (Kaewunruen and Remennikov, 2009) In order to investigate the effects of concrete strength on sleeper behaviour, a few grades of high strength concretes (HSC) including C70, C85 and C99, have been investigated under dynamic load. The mechanical properties of each grade have been estimated based on standard codes and available literature.…”

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results show good agreement between the analytical model and numerical model, see Table 1. To validate the model in the transient phase, the maximum bending moment at the rail seat has been compared by that measured during the experiments by Kaewunruen and Remennikov (2009). Figure 5 indicates relationship between dynamic force generated at the rail head and the bending moment of sleeper at the rail seat.…”

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Kaewunruen and Remennikov (2009 have examined sleepers with different lengths, cross sections and material properties in their study through the last decade, their final work has been considered for the current study. The selected sleeper represents a heavy-duty sleeper with total length of 2.80 m and gauge length of 1.60 m. The unconfined compression strength and mass density of concrete were 55 MPa and 2350 kg/m , respectively.…”

Section: Experimental Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To study some aspects of mechanical behaviour of PCSs, Kaewunruen and Remennikov (2009 utilised a high capacity impact test apparatus. The core of the test rig is a falling mass with a maximum drop height of 6 m. The weight of projectile was set as 5.81 kN (592 kg), and the drop heights varies to generate different magnitude of impact load at rail head.…”

Section: Experimental Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Behaviour of pre-stressed high strength concrete sleepers subjected to dynamic loads

Taherinezhad¹,

Mendis²,

Ngo³

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Performance-Based and Life-Cycle Structural Engineering (PLSE 2015)

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As part of ballasted railway track, pre-stressed concrete sleepers (PCSs) play an essential role in track response, performance and safety. PCSs are subjected to dynamic loads which are often high magnitude and low duration. The characteristics of dynamic loads, the interactions between track components and the dynamic responses of PCSs under dynamic loads have been vastly investigated throughout past decades and continue to be a subject of interest to the railway industry.. Mechanical behaviours of PCSs such as dynamic response and failure mechanisms are important to meet the structural and durability requirements of railway sleepers. However, the influence of high performance concrete (HPC) mechanical properties on behaviour of PCSs is currently lacking. This paper presents a finite element model developed as a part of a broader investigation undertaken at the University of Melbourne. Finite element modelling package LS-DYNA has been used to represent a sleeper in a simulated track condition. The model is validated based on published experimental information. Different grades of high strength concrete (HSC) have been investigated. Mechanical properties such as compressive strength, tensile strengths, fracture energy and elastic modulus are considered.. The results show that the using higher concrete grade in sleeper leads to a larger bending moment under the same dynamic load. This confirms the inadequacy of current design approach for PCSs.

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Failure prediction of impact behaviour of self‐compacted rubcrete sleepers

Raj

Nagarajan

Shashikala

2020

Mat Design & Process Comms

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Railway sleepers are used for transferring loads from train wheels to the ballast. Damage to railway sleepers affects the integrity of the rail network. Prestressed concrete sleepers often get damaged during derailments. At the time of the derailment, a high‐magnitude impact load acts for a short duration of time. Damage caused during derailment can be reduced by improving the energy absorption capacity of sleepers. The energy absorption capacity of sleepers can be enhanced by the use of rubber concrete (rubcrete). This paper presents the development of a failure prediction model using finite element analysis to simulate the impact behaviour of self‐compacted rubcrete sleepers. This was validated by conducting limited experimental studies and was found to be in good agreement.

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Progressive failure of prestressed concrete sleepers under multiple high-intensity impact loads

Cited by 105 publications

References 19 publications

Two Decades of Advancement in Process Simulation Testing of Ballast Strength, Deformation, and Degradation

Two Decades of Advancement in Process Simulation Testing of Ballast Strength, Deformation, and Degradation

Behaviour of pre-stressed high strength concrete sleepers subjected to dynamic loads

Failure prediction of impact behaviour of self‐compacted rubcrete sleepers

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