“…This usually leads either to too simplistic analytical solutions or computationally demanding numerical models. However, the recent computational advances allowed numerous published demonstrations of successful representations of the initiation and propagation of damage in composite materials at different length-scales, from detailed constituents (micro-mechanical ) representations [12, 17, 41, 81, 95, 119-122, 166, 169-171, 184, 185], to homogenised models at the ply-level (mesoscale) [2,34,37,94,111,112,154,179,180,198] and at the laminate-level (macroscale) [6,57,58,143].…”