Progresses, Challenges, and Prospects of Genome Editing in Soybean (Glycine max)

Xu, Hu; Zhang, Lixiao; Zhang, Kang; Ran, Yidong

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.571138

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…Although successful gene editing has been demonstrated in stably transformed soybean plants, mutation efficiencies can be limited [ 29 , 31 , 36 ], and in some cases, few T0 transgenic plants were obtained [ 33 , 35 ]. As a result, utilization of genome editing in soybean through whole plant transformation is still considered challenging [ 33 , 39 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient and specific CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system targeting soybean phytoene desaturase genes

Lü

Tian

2022

BMC Biotechnol

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Background Genome editing by CRISPR/Cas9 has become a popular approach to induce targeted mutations for crop trait improvement. Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) is an economically important crop worldwide. Although gene editing has been demonstrated in soybean, its utilization in stably transformed plants through whole plant regeneration is still not widespread, largely due to difficulties with transformation or low mutation efficiencies. Results We sought to establish a simple, efficient, and specific CRISPR/Cas9 system to induce heritable mutations in soybean through stable transformation. We targeted phytoene desaturase (PDS) genes due to the distinctive dwarf and albino phenotypes of the loss of function mutant. To evaluate gene editing efficiency and specificity, three constructs targeting each of the two homologous soybean PDS genes specifically, as well as two constructs targeting both simultaneously with one guide RNA were created. Instead of using cotyledonary nodes from germinated seedlings, we used ‘half-seed’ explants derived from imbibed seeds for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cultivar Williams 82. Transformed plants for all five constructs were recovered. Dwarf and albino phenotypes were observed in transgenic plants harboring the constructs targeting both PDS genes. Gene editing at the desired loci was detected in the majority of T0 transgenic plants, with 75–100% mutation efficiencies. Indel frequencies varied widely among plants (3–100%), with those exhibiting visible mutant phenotypes showing higher frequencies (27–100%). Deletion was the predominant mutation type, although 1-nucleotide insertion was also observed. Constructs designed to target only one PDS gene did not induce mutation in the other homologous counterpart; and no mutation at several potential off-target loci was detected, indicating high editing specificity. Modifications in both PDS genes were transmitted to T1 progenies, including plants that were negative for transgene detection. Strong mutant phenotypes were also observed in T1 plants. Conclusions Using simple constructs containing one guide RNA, we demonstrated efficient and specific CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis in stably transformed soybean plants, and showed that the mutations could be inherited in progenies, even in plants that lost transgenes through segregation. The established system can be employed to edit other genes for soybean trait improvement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient and specific CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system targeting soybean phytoene desaturase genes

Lü

Tian

2022

BMC Biotechnol

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“…Transformation seems quite possible in tepary bean (Zambre et al, 2005), but apparently little exploited for tepary improvement. The CRISPR technology in soybean aims at editing genes involved in a biosynthetic pathway for seed oil quality, for herbicide tolerance, or changing photoperiod sensitivity (Bandyopadhyay et al, 2020;Xu et al, 2020). New technologies will continue to appear, but under currently available evidence and costs they seem likely to contribute to a wider and/or faster use of the collection rather than to replace it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

History and impact of a bean (Phaseolus spp., Leguminosae, Phaseoleae) collection

Debouck

Santaella

Santos

2021

GenResJ

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This work explains the reasons why a bean collection was established in 1973 at the International Center of Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) near Palmira in Colombia. It shows the impact of the collection on plant breeding and in agricultural development through the distribution of germplasm to the center’s bean breeding program, to successively ﬁnd resistances to pests and diseases, adaptation to low phosphorus and drought, and more recently higher content of iron and zinc in seeds. The collection was also used to progress knowledge in biological sciences, as shown by a dozen of examples. A reason behind these successes was foresight and focus on diversity per se in the collection. The paper ends with a number of suggestions for the way ahead for the genetic resources conservation and management of these bean crops, and possible take-home lessons for curators in charge of other similar collections.

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“…GE is a fast-developing technology that will potentially play an important role in genomics study and will create opportunities for rapid development of elite cultivars with desired traits. The development of soybean GE has been reviewed in Xu et al (2020). Recent GE applications in soybean for trait improvement have been summarized in Table 3.…”

Section: Development Of Transformation Methods For New Breeding Techn...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With increasing soybean demands around the world, especially from China, developing GM soybean varieties with high quality and yield is the main task for soybean researchers and breeders. Recently, genome editing (GE) technologies, especially the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) technology, have been used for studying soybean genetics and commercial trait development (reviewed in Xu et al, 2020). However, using genome editing technologies on plants has been heavily dependent on efficient transformation systems and regeneration of plants containing edited events (Ran et al, 2017;Gao, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Soybean Genetic Transformation Over the Last Decade

Guo

Qiu

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Soybean is one of the important food, feed, and biofuel crops in the world. Soybean genome modification by genetic transformation has been carried out for trait improvement for more than 4 decades. However, compared to other major crops such as rice, soybean is still recalcitrant to genetic transformation, and transgenic soybean production has been hampered by limitations such as low transformation efficiency and genotype specificity, and prolonged and tedious protocols. The primary goal in soybean transformation over the last decade is to achieve high efficiency and genotype flexibility. Soybean transformation has been improved by modifying tissue culture conditions such as selection of explant types, adjustment of culture medium components and choice of selection reagents, as well as better understanding the transformation mechanisms of specific approaches such as Agrobacterium infection. Transgenesis-based breeding of soybean varieties with new traits is now possible by development of improved protocols. In this review, we summarize the developments in soybean genetic transformation to date, especially focusing on the progress made using Agrobacterium-mediated methods and biolistic methods over the past decade. We also discuss current challenges and future directions.

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Progresses, Challenges, and Prospects of Genome Editing in Soybean (Glycine max)

Cited by 34 publications

References 159 publications

An efficient and specific CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system targeting soybean phytoene desaturase genes

An efficient and specific CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system targeting soybean phytoene desaturase genes

History and impact of a bean (Phaseolus spp., Leguminosae, Phaseoleae) collection

Progress in Soybean Genetic Transformation Over the Last Decade

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