Progress towards ultrasound applications of new single crystal materials

Marin-Franch, P.; Cochran, Sandy; Kirk, K.J.

doi:10.1023/b:jmse.0000043418.10953.38

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Moveable PZT transducers arrays are more commonly used for the inspection of plates [12] and pipes [4]. Single crystal materials look promising, which might enable generation of very long range guided waves [70]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Adaptive Array Excitation Scheme for the Unidirectional Enhancement of Guided Waves

Adams

Harput

Cowell

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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Control over the direction of wave propagation allows an engineer to spatially locate defects. When imaging with longitudinal waves, time delays can be applied to each element of a phased array transducer to steer a beam. Because of the highly dispersive nature of guided waves, this beamsteering approach is sub-optimal. More appropriate time delays can be chosen to direct a guided wave if the dispersion relation of the material is known. Existing techniques however need a priori knowledge of material thickness and acoustic velocity, which changes as a function of temperature and strain. The scheme presented here does not require prior knowledge of the dispersion relation or properties of the specimen to direct a guided wave. Initially, a guided wave is generated using a single element of an array transducer. The acquired waveforms from the remaining elements are then processed and re-transmitted; constructively interfering with the wave as it travels across the spatial influence of the transducer. The scheme intrinsically compensates for the dispersion of the waves and thus can adapt to changes in material thickness and acoustic velocity. The proposed technique is demonstrated in simulation and experimentally. Dispersion curves from either side of the array are acquired to demonstrate the schemes ability to direct a guided wave in an aluminium plate. Results show that uni-directional enhancement is possible without a priori knowledge of the specimen using an arbitrary pitch array transducer. Experimental results show a 34 dB enhancement in one direction compared with the other.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Adaptive Array Excitation Scheme for the Unidirectional Enhancement of Guided Waves

Adams

Harput

Cowell

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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“…In the effort to develop more sensitive ultrasonic transducers for NDE applications, new piezoelectric materials such as lead magnesium niobatelead titanate (PMN-PT) and lead zinc niobate-lead titanate (PZN-PT) single crystals for ultrasonic transducers have been studied. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) Because these relaxor-based single crystals have promising potential for ultrasonic transducer applications, they can offer ultrasonic transducers with significantly improved performance through enhanced bandwidth and sensitivity. (1,(6)(7)(8) The ultrasonic array transducer based on PMN-PT single-crystal elements for medical imaging was fabricated and compared with ceramic composite arrays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of PMN-PT and PZN-PT Single-Crystal-Based Ultrasonic Transducers for Nondestructive Evaluation Applications

2015

Sensors and Materials

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The ultrasonic transducer based on lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics has been widely used for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) applications, but it has crucial limitations in the application of highly attenuative materials. Since lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) and lead zinc niobate-lead titanate (PZN-PT) singlecrystal materials offer higher electromechanical coupling coefficients than PZT ceramics, they can present improved bandwidth and sensitivity. Despite their major drawbacks such as a significantly higher cost and difficulties in manufacturing, PMN-PT and PZN-PT single crystals will be expected to provide new challenges for NDE applications because of their considerably large piezoelectric coefficients. In this work, we compared the performance characteristics of PMN-PT and PZN-PT single-crystal-based ultrasonic transducers for NDE applications. From the results of Krimholtz, Leedom, and Mattaei (KLM) modeling and simulations, the ultrasonic transducers based on PMN-PT and PZN-PT single crystals with 1 MHz center frequency were fabricated. As a conclusion, there were no significant differences in performance characteristics (signal amplitude and bandwidth) between prototype PMN-PT and PZN-PT single-crystal transducers under the same fabrication conditions.

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“…Understanding the direct piezoelectric performance of the PZT ceramic compared to new single crystal material such as PMN32 is very critical in the selection of the best material for a particular application. A detailed comparative study of different material performances is primarily inhibited by high material and fabrication costs and hence simulations in virtual design environments are required [9][10][11]. Finite element modeling (FEM) is an enabling tool that can allow detailed analysis of models and can predict the behaviour of electromechanical structures under real world conditions while enabling faster and cheaper prototype development [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Modeling of a Piezoelectric Composite Beam and Comparative Performance Study of Piezoelectric Materials for Voltage Generation

Nechibvute

Chawanda

Luhanga

2012

ISRN Materials Science

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A comparative study of the traditional PZT ceramics and new single crystals is critical in selecting the best material and optimization of transducer design for applications such as conversion of ambient vibrations into useful electrical energy. However, due to material and fabrication costs and the need for rapid prototyping while optimizing transducer design, primary comparisons can be based on simulation. In this paper, the COMSOL Multiphysics finite element package was used to study the direct piezoelectric effect when an external load is applied at the free end of a piezoelectric composite beam. The primary output parameters such as electric potential and electric field were studied as a function of the input strain and stress. The modeling is presented for the relatively new single crystal lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN32) and three different lead zirconate titanate ceramics (PZT-5A, PZT-5H, and PZT-4). Material performance was assessed by using a common geometry and identical excitation conditions for the different piezoelectric materials. For each material, there are three analyses performed, namely, static, eigenfrequency, and transient/time-dependent analysis. Comparative results clearly suggest that the new crystal material PMN32 is capable of outperforming presently useing piezoelectric ceramics for voltage generation.

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Progress towards ultrasound applications of new single crystal materials

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

An Adaptive Array Excitation Scheme for the Unidirectional Enhancement of Guided Waves

An Adaptive Array Excitation Scheme for the Unidirectional Enhancement of Guided Waves

Comparison of PMN-PT and PZN-PT Single-Crystal-Based Ultrasonic Transducers for Nondestructive Evaluation Applications

Finite Element Modeling of a Piezoelectric Composite Beam and Comparative Performance Study of Piezoelectric Materials for Voltage Generation

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