Progress towards ultra sensitive KIDs for future far-infrared missions: a focus on recombination times

Fyhrie, Adalyn; Žmuidzinas, J.; Glenn, J.; Day, Peter; Leduc, H. G.; McKenney, Christopher

doi:10.1117/12.2312867

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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Section: Mkids Transient Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first term in equation ( 18) is the same as the result obtained by Fyhrie et al [37] with an assumption that QP lifetime saturates at low temperatures [38]. Equation (18) has been used to fit the relaxation for QP relaxation for different MKIDs [10,37]. The procedure to obtain equations ( 15)-( 18) can be found in appendix A. τ qp fitted only by exponential decay will decrease when κ increases.…”

Section: Mkids Transient Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigation of quasi-particle relaxation in strongly disordered superconductor resonators

Hu,

Matin,

Nicaise

et al. 2024

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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In this paper, we investigate the quasi-particle (QP) relaxation of strongly disordered superconducting resonators under optical illumination at different bath temperatures with the 1D diffusive Rothwarf and Taylor equations together with the gap-broadening theory described by the Usadal equation. The model is validated with various single-photon responses of Titanium Nitride (TiN) microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) under pulsed 405 nm laser illumination. The QP relaxation in TiN is dominated by QPs with energy below the energy gap smeared by the disorder, and its duration is still inversely proportional to the QP density. TheQP lifetime versus temperature can be fitted. The relaxation of the resonator can be modeled with QP diffusion. The fitted QP diffusion coefficient of TiN is significantly smaller than expected. Our result also shows a significant increase in QP generationefficiency as the bath temperature increases.

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Section: Mkids Transient Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mkids Transient Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of quasi-particle relaxation in strongly disordered superconductor resonators

Hu,

Matin,

Nicaise

et al. 2024

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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“…The quasiparticle recombination rate is quadratic in the total number of quasiparticles, which results in a pulse shape that transitions from a hyperbolic to ex ponential decay over time. The functional form for this decay was worked out in refer ence 180.…”

Section: Resonator Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Resolving Power of Ultraviolet to Near-Infrared Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors

Zobrist¹

2022

Springer Theses

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dark matter searches to biological imaging and astronomy. The performance of these de tectors often limits the achievable science goals for an application, so improvements to detector technologies can be transformative. This dissertation focuses on these detector enhancements, emphasizing the requirements for one particular application, exoplanet di rect imaging. However, the work done here remains broadly applicable to fields needing highly sensitive sensors in this wavelength range.Finding and studying the properties of exoplanets orbiting distant stars can tell us much about solar system dynamics and the formation of our own solar system. With sufficiently precise measurements we might also discover the presence of water or even biological processes on these planets. To achieve this goal, we need astronomical instrumentation ca pable of separating an exoplanet's light from its host star by directly imaging it. For many exoplanets, though, we receive at our telescope only roughly one photon for every billion from the star. Even worse, these two light sources often partially overlap because of the relative closeness of exoplanets to their stars and the diffraction limit set by the finite size xi of our telescope optics. Therefore, the extreme contrast ratio between the brightness of the star and planet sets the performance requirements for this kind of instrument.Carrying out this measurement with the traditional semiconductor based sensors can be difficult. They detect the intensity of light at each pixel and introduce excess noise into the system. However, superconducting sensors avoid this limitation because of their ex tra sensitivity. Each individual incident photon can be resolved making them essentially perfect photon counting detectors, which enables the detection of exoplanets with more challenging contrast ratios than detectable with conventional detectors. The system noise in a superconducting sensor, instead, determines how accurately the photon energy can be measured through the size of the detector response. Because of this extra energy measure ment capability these detectors do not need the complicated optical systems typically used to measure an exoplanet's atmospheric spectrum. The accuracy at which we can resolve these planetary spectra determines how much we can learn about a planet and, as such, is the principal metric for the performance of these devices.The Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detector (MKID) is unique among other supercon ducting technologies because it allows for the simple readout of tens to hundreds of thou sands of pixels, which is a requirement for when the exact location of an exoplanet is un known. This dissertation focuses on improving the spectral resolving power of MKIDs to make them the superior option for ultraviolet to nearinfrared measurements and, in partic ular, for exoplanet direct imaging. Chapters 1 and 2 discuss the significance of MKIDs as astronomical detectors and the relevant physics needed to understand their operation. In the following chapters, four sepa...

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“…The total NEP of the test device is calculated by adding all NEP contributions in quadrature, NEP 2 tot = NEP 2 TLS + NEP 2 amp + NEP 2 photon + NEP 2 GR [6,7]. Since we have not measured quasiparticle lifetimes ( qp ), an assumption was made based on previously measured 40-nm Al KIDs that qp = 500 μs [11]. The operating temperature will be T = 100 mK for GEP.…”

Section: Gep Theoretical Nepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending KIDs to the Mid-IR for Future Space and Suborbital Observatories

Perido¹,

Glenn²,

Day

et al. 2020

J Low Temp Phys

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The galaxy evolution probe (GEP) is a concept for a probe-class space observatory to study the physical processes related to star formation over cosmic time. To do so, the mid-and far-infrared (IR) spectra of galaxies must be studied. These mid-and far-IR observations require large multi-frequency arrays, sensitive detectors. Our goal is to develop low NEP aluminum kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs) for wavelengths of 10-400 μm for the GEP and a pathfinder long-duration balloon (GEP-B) that will perform precursor GEP science. KIDs for the lower wavelength range (10-100 μm) have not been previously implemented. We present an absorber design for KIDs sensitive to wavelengths of 10 μm shown to have around 75-80% absorption efficiency through ANSYS HFSS (high-frequency structure simulator) simulations, challenges that come with optimizing our design to increase the wavelength range, initial tests on our design of fabricated 10 μm KIDs, and theoretical NEP calculations.

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Progress towards ultra sensitive KIDs for future far-infrared missions: a focus on recombination times

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Investigation of quasi-particle relaxation in strongly disordered superconductor resonators

Investigation of quasi-particle relaxation in strongly disordered superconductor resonators

Improving the Resolving Power of Ultraviolet to Near-Infrared Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors

Extending KIDs to the Mid-IR for Future Space and Suborbital Observatories

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