Progress towards realization of a laser IFE solid wall chamber

Raffray, A.R.; Blanchard, Jake; Latkowski, Jeffery F.; Najmabadi, F.; Renk, Timothy Jerome; Sethian, J. D.; Sharafat, S.; Snead, Lance Lewis

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2005.07.041

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It is remarkable the work developed for first wall studies within the framework of the American projects Aries, NIF, HAPL and LIFE 1,9,13,14 . It is of particular interest the unique facility RHEPP (Sandia National Laboratories) for studies of high ion fluxes as those obtained with direct targets 9 .…”

Section: First Wall Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials Research for HiPER Laser Fusion Facilities: Chamber Wall, Structural Material and Final Optics

Álvarez¹,

Rivera²,

González-Arrabal³

et al. 2011

Fusion Science and Technology

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The European HiPER project aims to demonstrate commercial viability of inertial fusion energy within the following two decades. This goal requires an extensive Research & Development program on materials for different applications (e.g., first wall, structural components and final optics). In this paper we will discuss our activities in the framework of HiPER to develop materials studies for the different areas of interest. The chamber first wall will have to withstand explosions of at least 100 MJ at a repetition rate of 5-10 Hz. If direct drive targets are used, a dry wall chamber operated in vacuum is preferable. In this situation the major threat for the wall stems from ions. For reasonably low chamber radius (5-10 m) new materials based on W and C are being investigated, e.g., engineered surfaces and nanostructured materials. Structural materials will be subject to high fluxes of neutrons leading to deleterious effects, such as, swelling. Low activation advanced steels as well as new nanostructured materials are being investigated. The final optics lenses will not survive the extreme ion irradiation pulses originated in the explosions. Therefore, mitigation strategies are being investigated. In addition, efforts are being carried out in understanding optimized conditions to minimize the loss of optical properties by neutron and gamma irradiation.

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Section: First Wall Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials Research for HiPER Laser Fusion Facilities: Chamber Wall, Structural Material and Final Optics

Álvarez¹,

Rivera²,

González-Arrabal³

et al. 2011

Fusion Science and Technology

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“…However, nowadays, the tritium retention problem of carbon compounds makes tungsten the standard option on most armour designs [2]. A look at the bibliography shows that the now cancelled American HAPL project [3] relied on tungsten armour for the 7.5 mradius chamber to absorb the energy from 150 MJ targets (average wall load 5.5 J cirr 2 ) at a 5-10 Hz repetition rate. The Japanese Falcon D design [4] also considered tungsten as the most adequate armour material for the reaction chamber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of spatial and temporal radiation deposition in inertial fusion chambers: the case of HiPER

Álvarez¹,

Garoz²,

González-Arrabal³

et al. 2011

Nucl. Fusion

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The first wall armour for the reactor chamber of HiPER will have to face short energy pulses of 5 to 20 MJ mostly in the form of x-rays and charged particles at a repetition rate of 5-10 Hz. Armour material and chamber dimensions have to be chosen to avoid/minimize damage to the chamber, ensuring the proper functioning of the facility during its planned lifetime. The maximum energy fluence that the armour can withstand without risk of failure, is determined by temporal and spatial deposition of the radiation energy inside the material. In this paper, simulations on the thermal effect of the radiation-armour interaction are carried out with an increasing definition of the temporal and spatial deposition of energy to prove their influence on the final results. These calculations will lead us to present the first values of the thermo-mechanical behaviour of the tungsten armour designed for the HiPER project under a shock ignition target of 48 MJ. The results will show that only the crossing of the plasticity limit in the first few micrometres might be a threat after thousands of shots for the survivability of the armour.

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“…Electron beams have small spots of 1-10 mm diameter and the incident energy is notably reflected for high-Z materials; large-area ion beams could be produced up to several tens of centimetres diameter but with limited peak power density [2]. In addition, ion beam power density may fluctuate as large as 50% [3]. In our laboratory, high-intensity pulsed ion beam (HIPIB) of power density up to 10 8 W/cm 2 is achieved with a beam fluctuation controlled within 20% [4], which allows us for a better reproducibility of PFMs HHF testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Heat Flux Testing of Doped and Coated Graphite Using High-Intensity Pulsed Ion Beam

2009

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A high-intensity pulsed ion beam (HIPIB) technique is applied to heat flux testing of plasma facing materials for fusion experiment. The HIPIB is generated at a relatively stable power density up to 10 8 W/cm 2 , which covers a heat flux parameter of up to several hundreds MW m −2 s 1/2 . Surface morphology and weight loss are examined for doped and coated graphite with HIPIB exposure of 280 MW m −2 s 1/2 , being of the same order of thermal loads during off-normal events in future fusion reactors. The work demonstrates a first example utilizing the HIPIB technique to study thermal response of plasma facing materials under fusion relevant thermal loads.

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Progress towards realization of a laser IFE solid wall chamber

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Materials Research for HiPER Laser Fusion Facilities: Chamber Wall, Structural Material and Final Optics

Materials Research for HiPER Laser Fusion Facilities: Chamber Wall, Structural Material and Final Optics

The role of spatial and temporal radiation deposition in inertial fusion chambers: the case of HiPER

High Heat Flux Testing of Doped and Coated Graphite Using High-Intensity Pulsed Ion Beam

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