Progress toward blue-emitting (460–475 nm) nanomaterials in display applications

Abstract

Recently, quantum dots (QD) and quantum rods (QRs) have become extremely popular in displays and lighting applications. Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) equipped with quantum dot enhancement films (QDEFs) offer extended color saturation, increasing said saturation from 60 to 70% to more than 100% of the NTSC color gamut. A plethora of research dealing with EL/PL properties and the device-based performance of these materials has been published. The tunable emission wavelength and the narrow emission bandwidth are the key features of quantum dots and perovskite nanoparticles that primarily depend on the nanoparticle size and material composition. QRs, in contrast, have a core–shell structure and emit polarized light that can roughly double the efficiency of modern displays. However, blue emission for QRs, because of the large bathochromic redshift during shell growth, is a serious problem. Besides photoluminescence, electroluminescence is also important for display applications. These QD-LEDs show a lower turn ON voltage in comparison to organic LEDs, which is very important for high-resolution displays. The solution-processed narrower emission QD-LEDs have already achieved efficiency and a brightness comparable to vacuum-deposited phosphorescent organic LEDs (OLEDs). However, the blue-emitting nanoparticles and their short operational lifetime are the key obstacles in the progression of these devices. Furthermore, recently the display and lighting industry are trying to reduce the short-wavelength emissions, particularly in the spectral region below 455 nm, which has a much greater impact on human ocular health and circadian rhythm. Thus, industries are aiming at blue light in the spectral range of 460–475 nm. This spectral range is very challenging for nanomaterials because of the limited choice of materials. In this review, we summarize the recent progress made in the blue-emitting nanomaterials with a different morphology and composition. This includes recent developments in low Cd materials. Both the PL and EL properties of these materials have been discussed depending on the NP’s shape and material composition. This review also aims to discuss the various device architectures employing blue-emitting NPs, any recent achievements and future challenges.

Quantum‐Rod On‐Chip LEDs for Display Backlights with Efficacy of 149 lm W−1: A Step toward 200 lm W−1

“…[6] Quantum materials have shown a significant advantage in display applications. [7] Type I heterostructures with optimized shell engineering provide outstanding emission property of QDs. [8] The distinct property of quantum rods, on the other hand, arises from the shell having a rod-like shape with large aspect ratios followed by the growth of a wide-bandgap semiconductor shell.…”

Environmental-Friendly Cs3MnxZn(1–x)Br5@PS Films Used for Wide Color Gamut Backlight Displays

“…Following this, for the safety of human eyes, a 460 nm blue chip was selected, and the color coordinates of red, green, and blue light were calculated. 50 The measured color gamut is over 109% of the NTSC 1953 standard and 81% of the Rec. 2020 standard with the color coordinates red (0.6885, 0.3082), green (0.2090, 0.7097), and blue (0.1542, 0.0346) (Figures 5c, S12 and Table S1).…”

High-Performance White Light-Emitting Diodes over 150 lm/W Using Near-Unity-Emitting Quantum Dots in a Liquid Matrix

“…Because of the side effects of blue LEDs at 450 nm, there is a strong demand to shift the wavelength of the pumping LED toward the 460–475 nm spectral region . The exposure of shorter blue wavelengths on the retinal pigment epithelium can danger photoreceptors via photochemical damage. , On the other side, emission wavelengths greater than 475 nm sacrifice color saturation and result in poor image quality.…”