Progress on the Design of Electrocatalysts for Large‐Current Hydrogen Production by Tuning Thermodynamic and Kinetic Factors

Abstract

Electrochemical water splitting to produce green hydrogen offers a promising technology for renewable energy conversion and storage, as well as realizing carbon neutrality. The efficiency, stability, and cost of electrocatalysts toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and electrocatalytic overall water splitting (EOWS) at large current densities are essential for practical application. In this review, the key factors that determine the catalytic performance of electrocatalysts at large current densities are summarized from the angel of thermodynamic and kinetic correlation. The corresponding design strategies are presented. The electronic structure and density of active sites that affect the adsorption/desorption of intermediates are considered as the thermodynamic aspects, while charge transfer and mass transport capabilities closely associated with electrode resistance and intermediate diffusion are assigned as kinetic effects. Recent development of bifunctional and integrated electrocatalysts toward EOWS is also discussed in detail. Finally, the perspective and direction on the electrocatalytic water splitting under large current density are proposed. This comprehensive overview will offer profound insights and guidance for the continued advancement of this field.

Room temperature and rapid synthesis of two-dimensional bimetallic NiCo-CAT MOFs by an electrochemical strategy for enhancing electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction

“…How to obtain hydrogen energy on a large scale has become a widely concerned issue. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Electrocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production has become a research hotspot in the field of water splitting for hydrogen production technology due to its mild reaction conditions and high hydrogen production efficiency. 7,8 However, the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in the electrocatalytic water splitting reaction requires four electrons to provide power, resulting in slow kinetics, high activation energy, and increased overpotential, thus reducing the reaction efficiency.…”