Progress on In Situ and Operando X-ray Imaging of Solidification Processes

Karagadde, Shyamprasad; Leung, Chu Lun Alex; Lee, Peter

doi:10.3390/ma14092374

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…When the solid fraction exceeds the dendrite coherency point, a solid network transmitting forces is formed, resulting in rheological deformation behavior similar to that of soil [2]. This causes Reynolds' dilatancy, which leads to band segregation, porosity, and cracks [3][4][5]. Therefore, the accurate prediction of the semisolid deformation behavior is crucial to reduce these solidification defects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D multi-phase-field lattice Boltzmann simulations of semi-solid shear deformation

Yamanaka

Sakane²,

Takaki³

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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The deformation of solid–liquid coexistence regions strongly affects the formation of solidification defects in casting applications. Thus, understanding the mechanism of semi-solid deformation is crucial. This study used the multi-phase-field lattice Boltzmann model (MPF-LBM), which can simulate polycrystalline solidification with solid motion and liquid flow, to simulate two-dimensional semi-solid shear deformation with various grain shapes and solid fractions. It was concluded that the MPF-LBM could express the characteristic behaviors of semi-solid deformation, such as the Reynolds’ dilatancy and shear band, depending on the grain shape and solid fraction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D multi-phase-field lattice Boltzmann simulations of semi-solid shear deformation

Yamanaka

Sakane²,

Takaki³

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…Several review articles have been published in recent years on the application of in situ X-ray techniques to metal solidification [4][5][6][7][8]. For example, Y.B.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wang et al focused on Mg alloys and reviewed the evolution of dendrite arm orientations and growth directions as a function of alloy composition [8]. Karagadde et al [7] and Peng et al [6] reviewed the development of X-ray imaging techniques, especially tomography-based techniques, with Karagadde et al also presenting advances in the development of specialised solidification rigs/environment cells. Feng et al presented a review on in situ chemical mapping, covering experimental arrangements, their capability for capturing single or multiple elements, and the development of X-ray detectors [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray Imaging of Alloy Solidification: Crystal Formation, Growth, Instability and Defects

2022

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Synchrotron and laboratory-based X-ray imaging techniques have been increasingly used for in situ investigations of alloy solidification and other metal processes. Several reviews have been published in recent years that have focused on the development of in situ X-ray imaging techniques for metal solidification studies. Instead, this work provides a comprehensive review of knowledge provided by in situ X-ray imaging for improved understanding of solidification theories and emerging metal processing technologies. We first review insights related to crystal nucleation and growth mechanisms gained by in situ X-ray imaging, including solute suppressed nucleation theory of α-Al and intermetallic compound crystals, dendritic growth of α-Al and the twin plane re-entrant growth mechanism of faceted Fe-rich intermetallics. Second, we discuss the contribution of in situ X-ray studies in understanding microstructural instability, including dendrite fragmentation induced by solute-driven, dendrite root re-melting, instability of a planar solid/liquid interface, the cellular-to-dendritic transition and the columnar-to-equiaxed transition. Third, we review investigations of defect formation mechanisms during near-equilibrium solidification, including porosity and hot tear formation, and the associated liquid metal flow. Then, we discuss how X-ray imaging is being applied to the understanding and development of emerging metal processes that operate further from equilibrium, such as additive manufacturing. Finally, the outlook for future research opportunities and challenges is presented.

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“…Most solidification behaviors take place outside of the equilibrium state because of the rapid cooling rate or the large undercooling (∆T), which result in various microstructures and properties [2,3]. So far, the microstructural evolution and phase selection behaviors of undercooled melts have been investigated in many systems, such as the Mn-Si [4] and Cu-Sn [5] systems, using cyclic overheating combined with glass fluxing [6], directional solidification [5], and laser melting [7], with in situ observations [8] or numerical simulations [9], to manipulate and control the microstructures and properties. For instance, the uniform nature and refinement of the grains can be obtained as the ∆T increases, which can effectively improve the yield strength [10] and the physical properties [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-Examination of the Microstructural Evolution in Undercooled Co-18.5at.%B Eutectic Alloy

et al. 2022

Materials

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The undercooling (∆T) dependencies of the solidification pathways, microstructural evolution, and recalescence behaviors of undercooled Co-18.5at.%B eutectic alloys were systematically explored. Up to four possible solidification pathways were identified: (1) A lamellar eutectic structure consisting of the FCC–Co and Co3B phase forms, with extremely low ΔT; (2) The FCC–Co phase primarily forms, followed by the eutectic growth of the FCC–Co and Co2B phases when ΔT < 100 K; (3) As the ΔT increases further, the FCC–Co phase primarily forms, followed by the metastable Co23B6 phase with the trace of an FCC–Co and Co23B6 eutectic; (4) When the ΔT increases to 277 K, the FCC–Co phase primarily forms, followed by an FCC–Co and Co3B eutectic, which is similar in composition to the microstructure formed with low ΔT. The mechanisms of the microstructural evolution and the phase selection are interpreted on the basis of the composition segregation, the skewed coupled zone, the strain-induced transformation, and the solute trapping. Moreover, the prenucleation of the primary FCC–Co phase was also detected from an analysis of the different recalescence behaviors. The present work not only enriches our knowledge about the phase selection behavior in the undercooled Co–B system, but also provides us with guidance for controlling the microstructures and properties practically.

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Progress on In Situ and Operando X-ray Imaging of Solidification Processes

Cited by 20 publications

References 165 publications

2D multi-phase-field lattice Boltzmann simulations of semi-solid shear deformation

2D multi-phase-field lattice Boltzmann simulations of semi-solid shear deformation

X-ray Imaging of Alloy Solidification: Crystal Formation, Growth, Instability and Defects

Re-Examination of the Microstructural Evolution in Undercooled Co-18.5at.%B Eutectic Alloy

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