Progress on Hydrothermal Stability of Dental Zirconia Ceramics

Abstract

In recent years, zirconia ceramic, as a preferential choice for teeth restorations, is used as fixed partial dentures and implants due to its excellent mechanical properties, favorable biocompatibility and aesthetic properties, thus significantly shortening the performance life and seriously damaging the reliabilities. However, zirconia ceramic easily occurs low temperature degradation (LTD) of t-m transformation in humid environments. This paper illustrated the characteristics, mechanism and kinetics of LTD, as well as the conventional characterization methods of LTD phenomena and new methods such as optical coherence tomography and focused ion beam. It is also shown the main factors affecting the aging phenomenon, and emphasized the inhibition methods of LTD. By developing materials system and improving processing technology to enhance the strength, fracture toughness of zirconia and to solve the LTD of zirconia, and to meet the needs of people for their health functionalization, zirconia ceramic will be widely applied in the dental restoration field.

Fabrication and properties of pink 3 mol% yttria‐stabilized zirconia ceramics with high toughness

“…Zirconia (ZrO 2 ) is an indispensable structural and functional material with excellent physical and chemical properties for many household and industrial solutions. 1,2 In particular, by virtue of its high mechanical properties, outstanding corrosion resistance, high-temperature resistance, good biocompatibility, and non-toxic to the human body, 3,4 ZrO 2 -based material has been widely used as decorative materials, grinding media, refractory materials, electronic components and biological materials. [5][6][7][8][9] Depending on the temperature, at atmospheric pressure, pure ZrO 2 exists in three crystallographic forms: monoclinic (m-ZrO 2 ) at ambient conditions and tetragonal (t-ZrO 2 ) and cubic (c-ZrO 2 ) at higher temperatures.…”