Progress on grain growth dynamics in sintering of nano-powders

Liu, Chunjing; Wang, Xin; Jiang, Yihua; Wang, Yongming; Hao, Shunli

doi:10.1016/s1001-0521(07)60128-4

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Higher reactivity associated to the superior specific surface area of the INNOVNANO AZO powders, acts as a driving force for sintering, leading to an increase of the surface diffusion between the particles, favoring so the sintering mechanisms at lower temperatures. 42,43 The non-dependence of target size on densification is an advantage for the production of targets, since it is possible to achieve good target properties and reproducibility at lower sintering temperatures, avoiding some problems related with scale-up effect.…”

Section: Sputtering Target Production and Thin Films Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum doped zinc oxide sputtering targets obtained from nanostructured powders: Processing and application

Neves

Barros

Antunes³

et al. 2012

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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Section: Sputtering Target Production and Thin Films Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum doped zinc oxide sputtering targets obtained from nanostructured powders: Processing and application

Neves

Barros

Antunes³

et al. 2012

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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“…These nanocrystals could be the first step for preparing nanoceramic laser material because of the enhancement of the sintering activity due to the nanometric size dimension. 13 Polycrystalline powders are less expensive and easier to obtain than single-crystal growth. Also, sintering the nanocrystals to form a ceramic can improve the thermal and mechanical properties of the active material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Structural, and Optical Properties in Monoclinic Er:KYb(WO₄)₂ Nanocrystals

et al. 2009

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Monoclinic-nondoped and erbium-doped KYb(WO4)2 nanocrystals around 50 nm were synthesized using the modified Pechini sol−gel method. Differential thermal and thermogravimetric analysis (DTA-TG) was used to study the thermal evolution of the precursor powder. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) was used to confirm the presence of the monoclinic phase. We used electron microscopy techniques (SEM and TEM) to observe the morphology and particle size, and we estimated the particle size using Scherrer’s equation. The optical spectroscopy of the trivalent ytterbium and erbium ions in monoclinic KYbW nanocrystals was studied by absorption and emission measurements at low and room temperature. The energy of the Stark sublevel of ytterbium and erbium in the ground- and excited-state KYbW nanocrystals has been determined. After exciting at 940 nm, the green photoluminescence (4S3/2 → 4I15/2) and the 1.5 μm infrared (4I13/2 → 4I15/2) emissions were observed because of the energy transfer from the ytterbium 2F5/2 level to the 4I11/2 erbium level. The decay times of Yb3+ (2F5/2) and Er3+ (4I13/2) excited levels were also studied at room temperature.

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“…9(C)] with higher dimensions. 31,32 The nondependence of target size on densification for n_ZnO is an advantage compared with sm_ZnO and m_ZnO powders for the production of ZnO sputtering targets as it is possible to achieve good target properties reproducibility at substantially much lower temperatures, avoiding some problems associated with scale-up effect. 9(B)] and mainly in m_ZnO [ Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the higher reactivity associated with the higher specific surface area of n_ZnO powder acts as a driving force for sintering, as the surface diffusion between the particles increases, favoring the sintering mechanisms at low temperatures. 31,32 The nondependence of target size on densification for n_ZnO is an advantage compared with sm_ZnO and m_ZnO powders for the production of ZnO sputtering targets as it is possible to achieve good target properties reproducibility at substantially much lower temperatures, avoiding some problems associated with scale-up effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sintering Behavior of Nano‐ and Micro‐Sized ZnO Powder Targets for rf Magnetron Sputtering Applications

Neves

Barros

Antunes³

et al. 2011

J. Am. Ceram. Soc.

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In this work, the nonisothermal sintering behavior of as‐received commercial high purity ZnO micrometric (m_ZnO), submicrometric (sm_ZnO) and nanometric (n_ZnO) powders was studied. The sintering behavior for sputtering target production was evaluated by changing the green density of samples from 62% of theoretical density (TD) to 35%. We observed that for n_ZnO powder, the maximum shrinkage rate (MSR) temperature (TMSR) was not affected by the green density, and that it was reached at lower temperatures (~710°C) compared with m_ZnO and sm_ZnO powders. For these powders, the temperature of MSR increased from 803°C to 934°C and from 719°C to 803°C as TD changed from 62% to 35% TD, respectively. Small grain size (~0.560 μm) and high density targets were obtained for n_ZnO when sintered at temperatures below the TMSR. Heating rate from 1°C to 15°C/min led to lower activation energy for n_ZnO (~201 ± 3 kJ/mol) than for the submicrometric (sm_ZnO) (~332 ± 20 kJ/mol) and micrometric (m_ZnO) (~273 ± 9 kJ/mol) powders. Using the model proposed by Bannister and Woolfrey, an n value of 0.75 was found, which was correlated with a combination of viscous flow and volume diffusion mechanisms that should control the initial stage of n_ZnO sintering. No significant differences were observed for n_ZnO powder in terms of density when the size of targets (scale‐up effect) was increased, while in the case of m_ZnO and sm_ZnO, a delay in the densification was observed, which was related to the higher sinterability of n_ZnO powder. Two inches ZnO ceramic targets with different particle sizes and final densities were used in an rf magnetron sputtering system to produce ZnO films under the same deposition conditions. Films with thickness around 100 nm and good uniformity were produced using those targets, and no variation was observed in the optical and morphological properties. However, low electrical resistivity (1.4 Ω·cm) films were obtained with n_ZnO targets, which could be explained in terms of a nonstoichiometric Zn:O composition of the started powders.

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Progress on grain growth dynamics in sintering of nano-powders

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Aluminum doped zinc oxide sputtering targets obtained from nanostructured powders: Processing and application

Aluminum doped zinc oxide sputtering targets obtained from nanostructured powders: Processing and application

Synthesis, Structural, and Optical Properties in Monoclinic Er:KYb(WO₄)₂ Nanocrystals

Sintering Behavior of Nano‐ and Micro‐Sized ZnO Powder Targets for rf Magnetron Sputtering Applications

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Progress on grain growth dynamics in sintering of nano-powders

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Aluminum doped zinc oxide sputtering targets obtained from nanostructured powders: Processing and application

Aluminum doped zinc oxide sputtering targets obtained from nanostructured powders: Processing and application

Synthesis, Structural, and Optical Properties in Monoclinic Er:KYb(WO4)2 Nanocrystals

Sintering Behavior of Nano‐ and Micro‐Sized ZnO Powder Targets for rf Magnetron Sputtering Applications

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Synthesis, Structural, and Optical Properties in Monoclinic Er:KYb(WO₄)₂ Nanocrystals