Multinuclear solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments were performed to investigate the local structure changes of nanoporous silica during hydrothermal treatment and surface modification with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APTES). The nanoporous silica was prepared by sol-gel polymerization using inexpensive sodium silicate as a silica precursor. Using 1 H magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectra, the hydroxyl groups, which play an important role in surface reactions, were probed. Various silicon sites such as Q 2 , Q 3 , Q 4 , T 2 , and T 3 were identified with 29 Si cross polarization (CP) MAS NMR spectra and quantified with
29Si MAS NMR spectra. The results indicated that about 25% of the silica surface was modified. 1 H and 29 Si NMR data proved that the hydrothermal treatment induced dehydration and dehyroxylation. The 13 C CP MAS and 1 H MAS NMR spectra of 3-APTES attached on the surface of nanoporous silica revealed that the amines of the 3-aminopropyl groups were in the chemical state of NH 3 + rather than NH 2 .