Progress in the holocene chrono-climatostratigraphy of Polish territory

Abstract

Abstract:The Holocene delivers a unique possibility to establish climatic stratigraphic boundaries based on detailed chronostratigraphy reflected in various facies of continental sediments, in their lithological parameters and organic remains. These sediments are dated by the 14 C method in the case of organic remains, by counting annual laminations in lacustrine facies, and by dendrochronological method in the case of fluvial sediments. The existence of well dated profiles enables to reconstruct various climatic parameters like amplitudes of seasonal temperatures, types and frequency of extreme rainfalls and floods and, finally, to distinguish rare rapid changes and most frequent gradual ones. This reconstruction is based on the analogous effects of various types of present-day rainfalls. The current authors present a critical review of existing chronostratigraphic divisions starting from simple millennial division by Mangerud based on Scandinavian palynological stratigraphy of peatbogs and Starkel's concept based on fluctuations in rainfall and runoff regime reflected in fluvial and other facies of continental deposits. In the last decades, the calibration of 14 C dates allowed a new approach to be used for the construction of the probability distribution function of these dates in various facies or types of sediments, which formed a background for distinguishing and correlating climatic phases and defining boundaries between them. These approaches have been creating new opportunities for revision of the existing chronostratigraphy. The aim of this paper is to present a revised version of chronostratigraphic division based on climatic fluctuations reflected in various facies of sediments on the territory of Poland and discuss their correlation with other European regions and global climatic changes.

The historical development of vegetation of foreshore mires beside humic lakes: different successional pathways under various environmental conditions

“…2), which could have resulted from the high-water level in basin, similar to that noted in Lake Wigry (Zawisza & Szeroczyńska, 2007;Staniszewska & Namiotko, 2009). In contrast, data from this region of Poland indicate that the water levels of lakes and mires were quite low at the beginning of the Boreal period (Starkel, 2006). Thus, changes in water levels cannot be assumed to have been climatically driven, otherwise they would have been regionally synchronous (Harrison & Digerfeldt, 1993).…”

Asynchronous development of two Late Glacial lake basins near the Drwęca ice-marginal valley (N Poland)

“…8 and 9) fol lows the biostratigraphic di vi sion of the Late Gla cial and the Ho lo cene by Mangerud et al (1974), cal i brated by Walanus and Nalepka (2010). The chronostratigraphy follows that pro posed by Litt et al (2001) for the Late Gla cial, and by Starkel et al (2013) for the Early Ho lo cene.…”

“…Bo real (9,600-10,200 cal BP - Starkel et al, 2013) Bo real pol len spec tra were found in all pro files (Ap pen dix 1 and Figs. 4-7).…”

“…Youn ger Dryas (11,500 cal BP - Starkel et al, 2013;11,590-12,680 cal BP -Litt et al, 2001) Youn ger Dryas sed i ments are pres ent in pro files GI and GII (Ap pen dix 1, Figs. 4 and 5); the GII pro file shows a fairly detailed palynological re cord, en abling a sub di vi sion into three pol len as sem blage subzones (G II -3a Pinus-Betula, 1460-1475 cm; G II -3b Juniperus-Pinus, 1435-1460 cm; G II -3c Betula-Ar te mi sia, 1405-1435 cm; Fig.…”

History of Holocene fluvial activity in Romania: evidences based on absolute dating

“…Because these structures are rich in biogenic material, the most used method to evaluate their age was radiocarbon dating. [7,8], several hundreds of absolute dating of sedimentary archives were statistically approached and conclusions regarding the periods with high fluvial activity registered in the considered regions were obtained. In light of these results we want to report our own results throughout the objectives of the present study.…”