Progress in the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formic acid: A review on current trends and future prospects

Duarah, Prangan; Haldar, Dibyajyoti; Yadav, V. S. K.; Purkait, Mihir Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2021.106394

Cited by 77 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…[7] Due to the ability to store hydrogen in liquid form, HCOOH is one of the most economically viable products during CO 2 electroreduction process. [8] Specific catalysts are required for the selective CO 2 conversion towards HCOOH. Main group metals including Sn, [9,10] Bi, [11,12] Sb, [13,14] Cd, [15] Pb, [16] or In [17,18] are able to catalyse the reduction of CO 2 to formic acid/formate selectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to Formate on Nanoparticulated Bi−Sn−Sb Electrodes

2022

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Human activities during the last century have increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere, mainly carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and the impacts of climate change around the world are becoming more damaging. Therefore, scientific research is needed to mitigate the consequences of atmospheric CO 2 , and, among others, the electrochemical CO 2 conversion to useful chemicals is one of the most interesting alternatives. Herein, different Bi, Sn and Sb systems were synthesised as nanoparticles, supported on carbon (Vulcan XC-72R) and finally used to manufacture electrodes. The BiÀ SnÀ Sb nanoparticulated systems and their corresponding electrodes were characterised by TEM, XPS, ICP-OES and SEM. Electrochemical reduction of CO 2 to formate was performed in an electrochemical H-type cell in a CO 2 -saturated KHCO 3 and KCl solution. The BiÀ SnÀ Sb electrodes exhibited good activity and selectivity for the CO 2 reduction towards formate. Particularly, Bi 95 Sb 05 /C and Bi 80 Sn 10 Sb 10 /C electrodes showed improved stability compared to previous works, keeping values of formate efficiency over 50 % after 24 h.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to Formate on Nanoparticulated Bi−Sn−Sb Electrodes

2022

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“…They can also be used in the manufacturing of methanol, 60 aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, etc. 63 Formic acid (HCOOH) has a high CO2 capacity (95.6 CO2 wt.-% and 1152 kg/m 3 ) and low hydrogen capacity (4.4 H2 wt.-% and 53 kg/m 3 ). The advantage of FA is that it can be dehydrogenated under mild conditions and no H2 is wasted to form a water by-product, as occurs during methanol production.…”

Section: Methanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging concepts in carbon dioxide storage

Breunig

Rosner

Lim

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Finding means of storing and transporting captured carbon dioxide (CO2) has become increasingly important. Not all capture technologies (sources) can be co-located with sequestration options (sinks), and the development of an expansive CO2 pipeline network to connect sources and sinks requires significant time and capital. Additionally, temporary storage of CO2 in a solid or liquid state could prove useful for allowing today’s capture technologies to come online before permanent and ideally lucrative CO2 sequestration options open up. There are several methods for reversible solid-state and chemical CO2 storage, but their advantages and limitations have yet to be reviewed. This article focuses on the physical and chemical aspects of CO2 storage via liquid and solid chemical carriers and sorbents, and gives an overview of the energetics around their use, as well as prospects for their future development. Exciting opportunities for co-transporting hydrogen with CO2, for energy efficient long-distance transportation, and for coupling capture and multi-year storage could open up new options for carbon supply chains. Key findings of the analysis are the remarkable storage capacity of oxalic acid and formic acid (CO2-density of 1857 kg/m3 and 1152 kg/m3, compared with condensed liquid CO2 at 993–1096 kg/m3, respectively), the relative scalability and compatibility of carbonate salts for stationary storage with direct air capture, and the potential promise of multiple carriers for CO2 transportation. Solid sorbents do not achieve such ultra-high storage capacities, but could improve storage over compressed gas tanks on a capacity and energetics basis.

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“…Recent advances in green formic acid technology, such as the electrochemical reduction of CO 2 to formic acid and biogenic formic acid production, encourage its use as a sustainable hydrogen carrier. − The goal of this work was to identify the most cost-effective green hydrogen carrier by considering the entire supply chain of hydrogen delivery. The production costs of green hydrogen and potential green hydrogen carriers have been explored in other work. − However, the costs associated with the entire supply chain of delivering green hydrogen to distributed consumers have been often neglected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Assessment of Green H₂ Carrier Supply Chains

Crandall

Brix²,

Weber

et al. 2022

Energy Fuels

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Green hydrogen can play a key role in affordably decarbonizing society. However, storage and transmission costs pose significant barriers to green hydrogen distribution. These limitations may be overcome with liquid green hydrogen carriers like ammonia, methanol, and toluene/methylcyclohexane, as well as formic acid, which has only recently received limited attention. A techno-economic assessment of these hydrogen carriers is presented across a wide range of scales. Green formic acid is identified to be the most cost-effective carrier when the entire supply-chain cost is considered. Additional analysis shows that formic acid is the only green carrier that is more affordable to produce than its fossil-based counterpart and is the safest of the studied carriers. Finally, research and policy outlooks are provided to guide efforts toward the realization of a green hydrogen economy. This work provides information on the selection of a suitable green hydrogen carrier, which is essential to decarbonize at the rate needed to avoid climate catastrophe.

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Progress in the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formic acid: A review on current trends and future prospects

Cited by 77 publications

References 129 publications

Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to Formate on Nanoparticulated Bi−Sn−Sb Electrodes

Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to Formate on Nanoparticulated Bi−Sn−Sb Electrodes

Emerging concepts in carbon dioxide storage

Techno-Economic Assessment of Green H₂ Carrier Supply Chains

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Progress in the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formic acid: A review on current trends and future prospects

Cited by 77 publications

References 129 publications

Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Formate on Nanoparticulated Bi−Sn−Sb Electrodes

Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Formate on Nanoparticulated Bi−Sn−Sb Electrodes

Emerging concepts in carbon dioxide storage

Techno-Economic Assessment of Green H2 Carrier Supply Chains

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to Formate on Nanoparticulated Bi−Sn−Sb Electrodes

Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to Formate on Nanoparticulated Bi−Sn−Sb Electrodes

Techno-Economic Assessment of Green H₂ Carrier Supply Chains