Progress in the biological function of alpha-enolase

Ji, Hong; Wang, Jianfa; Guo, Jiang; Li, Yue; Lian, Shuai; Guo, Wenjin; Yang, Huanmin; Kong, Fanzhi; Li, Zhen; Guo, Li; Liu, Yanzhi

doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2016.02.005

Cited by 126 publications

(108 citation statements)

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“…Recent studies have demonstrated that glycolytic enzymes such as Enolases play a critical role in glycolysis in cancer cells [21]. ENO1, one of four types of Enolase isozymes, has been detected in almost all mature tissues [22,23]. The functions of ENO1 is now considered to be both a plasminogen receptor, which can promote in ammatory responses in several tumors [24], and a glycolytic enzyme, which participates in catalyzing the penultimate step in glycolysis [23].…”

Section: Read Full Licensementioning

confidence: 99%

Enolase 1 Regulates Stem Cell-Like Properties in Gastric Cancer Cells by Stimulating Glycolysis

Yang

Xiong

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that gastric cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a rare sub-group of gastric cancer (GC) cells and play an important role in promoting the tumor growth and progression of GC. In the present study, we demonstrated that the glycolytic enzyme Enolase 1 (ENO1) was involved in the regulation of the stem cell-like characteristics of GC cells.Methods: Self-renewal, Chemosensitivity and invasion of GC cells were evaluated by sphere formation, Chemosensitivity assay and invasion assay respectively. Glycolysis level was examined by the Seahorse XFe/XF Analyzer. ENO1 expression was determined in 83 GC specimens by immunohistochemistry. Results: The expression of ENO1 in sphere cells markedly increased as compared to the parental cell lines PAMC-82 and SNU16. We then observed that ENO1 could enhance stem cell-like characteristics, including self-renewal capacity, cell invasion and migration, chemoresistance, and even the tumorigenicity of GC cells. ENO1 is known as an enzyme that is involved in glycolysis, and our results showed that ENO1 could markedly promote the glycolytic activity of cells. Furthermore, inhibiting glycolysis activity using 2-Deoxy-D-glucose treatment significantly reduced the stemness of GC cells. Therefore, ENO1 could improve the stemness of CSCs by enhancing the cells’ glycolysis. Subsequently, to further confirm our results, we found that the inhibition of ENO1 using AP-III-a4 (ENOblock) could reduce the stemness of GC cells to a similar extent as the knockdown of ENO1 by shRNA. Finally, increased expression of ENO1 was related with poor prognosis in GC patients. Conclusion: Taken together, our results demonstrated that ENO1 is a significant biomarker associated with the stemness of GC cells.

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Section: Read Full Licensementioning

confidence: 99%

Enolase 1 Regulates Stem Cell-Like Properties in Gastric Cancer Cells by Stimulating Glycolysis

Yang

Xiong

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The presence of enolase on the cell surface of the studied fungi was also confirmed by transmission microscopy using the immunogold stain. Figure 4 showed that enolase appears distributed along the cell wall of Ss16345, Ss1099-18, Ss250 and Ss256, which might facilitate its recognition by the host’s immune system, although it also appears, as expected, in the cellular cytoplasm of these species, since its classical function is to catalyze the reversible conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate 22,33 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Enolase (2-phospho-D-glycerate hydrolase, EC 4.2.1.11) is a metalloenzyme that requires the metal ion magnesium (Mg 2 +) to catalyze the dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), a product that is used to produce energy (ATP) in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells 21 . In mammals, there are at least 4 subunits of enolase: α-enolase (eno1), expressed in almost all tissues; β-enolase (eno3), predominantly expressed in adult skeletal muscle; γ-enolase (eno2), found in neurons and neuroendocrine tissues 22 ; and eno4, expressed in human and mouse sperm 23 . Enolase has been identified on the cell surface of C. albicans 24 , Plasmodium falciparum 25 , Ascaris suum 26 , Streptococcus sobrinus 27 , S. suis serotipo II 28 , S. iniae 29 , Plasmodium spp 30 and Clonorchis sinensis 31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunization with recombinant enolase ofSporothrixspp (rSsEno) confers effective protection against sporotrichosis in mice

Fuentes

Dores-Silva

Ferreira

et al. 2019

Preprint

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13In recent years, research has focused on the immunoreactive components of the S. schenckii cell 14 wall that can be relevant targets for preventive and therapeutic vaccines against sporotrichosis, an 15 emergent worldwide mycosis. In previous studies, we identified a 47-kDa enolase as an 16 immunodominant antigen in mice vaccinated with purified fungal wall proteins and adjuvants. In 17 this study, the immunolocalization of this immunogen in the cell wall of S. schenckii and S. 18 brasiliensis is shown for the first time. In addition, a recombinant enolase of Sporothrix spp 19 (rSsEno) was studied with the adjuvant Montanide Pet-GelA (PGA) as a vaccine candidate. The 20 rSsEno was produced with high purity. In addition, mice immunized with rSsEno plus PGA 21 showed increased antibody titers against enolase and increased median survival time compared to 22 nonimmunized or rSsEno-immunized mice. Enolase immunization induced a predominant T-23 helper-1 (Th1) cytokine pattern in splenic cells after in vitro stimulation with rSsEno. Elevated 24 production of interferon-ɣ (IFN-ɣ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) was observed with other cytokines 25 involved in the innate immune defense, such as TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-4, which are necessary 26 for antibody production. These results suggest that we should continue testing this antigen as a 27 potential vaccine candidate against sporotrichosis. 28 29 Introduction 30 Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis of subacute or chronic evolution caused by traumatic 31 inoculation or the inhalation of spores of different species of the Sporothrix genus affecting both 32 humans and animals 1 . The disease has a universal geographical distribution, although it is endemic 33 in Latin America, including in Peru, México, Colombia, Guatemala and, especially, Brazil, where 34 in the last 20 years, it became an important zoonosis, with the cat being the main source of 35 transmission 2-4 . Species of the Sporothrix genus are thermodymorphic fungi with a saprophytic 36 life at 25 °C and a filamentous form. The parasitic form at 35-37 °C is a yeast 1,5 . The human 37 infection is acquired in two ways: traumatic inoculation through the skin with materials 38 contaminated with Sporothrix spp or inhalation. Zoonotic transmission principally occurs from 39 cats to humans 6 . 40 The genus Sporothrix is currently classified into two clades: i) the clinical clade, which includes 41 S. brasiliensis, S. globosa, S. luriei and S. schenckii sensu stricto and ii) the environmental clade, 42 composed mainly of species less pathogenic to man and animals, such as S. mexicana, S. pallida 43 and S. chilensis 7,8 . Brazil is the only country that has reported all species of the clinical clade, and 44 S. brasiliensis is the most virulent species 9,10 . This species is also the most prevalent during 45 zoonotic transmission through deep scratches and bites from infected cats 8 . In this country, though 46 sporotrichosis has been reported in most states, the disease is a neglected disease, particularly in 47 ...

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“…28 The study reported that MYC expression are elevated in TNBC compared with other BC subtypes using a synthetic lethal approach dependent on cyclindependent kinase inhibition, which effectively induced tumor regression in triple-negative tumor xenografts. 33 The presence of glycolytic enzyme enolase (ENO1) and GLS function in glycolysis and glutaminolysis, showed that TNBC had a specific energy metabolism compared with other BC subtypes. 30 It is found that pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) decreased energy metabolism and blocked tumor growth in MYC-driven transgenic TNBC model and MYC-overexpressing TNBC patient-derived xenograft suggesting that FAO inhibitors could be a putative therapeutic strategy for MYC over-expressing TNBC tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated network analysis and machine learning approach for the identification of key genes of triple‐negative breast cancer

Naorem

Venkatesan

2018

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) has attracted more attention compared with other breast cancer subtypes due to its aggressive nature, poor prognosis, and chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment with no other approved targeted therapy. Therefore, the study aimed to discover more promising therapeutic targets and investigating new insights of biological mechanism of TNBC. Six microarray data sets consisting of 463 non‐TNBC and 405 TNBC samples were mined from Gene Expression Omnibus. The data sets were integrated by meta‐analysis and identified 1075 differentially expressed genes. Protein‐protein interaction network was constructed which consists of 486 nodes and 1932 edges, where 29 hub genes were obtained with high topological measures. Further, 16 features (hub genes), 12 upregulated (AURKB, CCNB2, CDC20, DDX18, EGFR, ENO1, MYC, NUP88, PLK1, PML, POLR2F, and SKP2) and four downregulated ( CCND1, GLI3, SKP1, and TGFB3) were selected through machine learning correlation based feature selection method on training data set. A naïve Bayes based classifier built using the expression profiles of 16 features (hub genes) accurately and reliably classify TNBC from non‐TNBC samples in the validation test data set with a receiver operating curve of 0.93 to 0.98. Subsequently, Gene Ontology analysis revealed that the hub genes were enriched in mitotic cell cycle processes and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that they were enriched in cell cycle pathways. Thus, the identified key hub genes and pathways highlighted in the study would enhance the understanding of molecular mechanism of TNBC which may serve as potential therapeutic target.

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Progress in the biological function of alpha-enolase

Cited by 126 publications

References 56 publications

Enolase 1 Regulates Stem Cell-Like Properties in Gastric Cancer Cells by Stimulating Glycolysis

Enolase 1 Regulates Stem Cell-Like Properties in Gastric Cancer Cells by Stimulating Glycolysis

Immunization with recombinant enolase ofSporothrixspp (rSsEno) confers effective protection against sporotrichosis in mice

Integrated network analysis and machine learning approach for the identification of key genes of triple‐negative breast cancer

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