Progress in the applications of atomic force microscope (AFM) for mineralogical research

Liu, Qin; Fu, Yuhong; Qin, Zhan-Fen; Wang, Yun; Zhang, Shanshan; Ran, Meimei

doi:10.1016/j.micron.2023.103460

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…One of the challenges in developing effective modifiers is to illustrate and understand the regulatory mechanism of action on crystal growth. With the fast development of atomic force microscopy (AFM) technology, surface growth dynamics can be investigated in depth at the nano- or molecular scale . Studies on the action mechanism of inhibitors have led to the proposal of some physical models, including the immobilization of impurity particles adsorbed on the terrace of the crystal surface to slow down the step propagation, the so-called step pinning mechanism, decreasing the attachment of solutes by blocking kink sites, i.e., kink blocking, and being embedded in the crystal to form solid solution .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile Roles of Modifiers in Crystal Growth and Morphology Modification of Lithium Hydroxide Monohydrate

Tang,

Zhang,

Tao

et al. 2024

Crystal Growth & Design

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Lithium hydroxide monohydrate (LHM) is an important lithium salt, which was widely used as the lithium source of cathode materials of the lithium battery. With the increasing global demand for lithium batteries, the market for LHM has expanded remarkably in recent years. However, LHM crystals are mostly flakes or needles with rough surfaces, strong hygroscopicity, and easy agglomeration, which is not conducive to storage and causes great product loss. Herein, we investigated the effect of various types of modifiers on the crystal growth modification and morphology modulation of LHM using a combination of crystallization experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Bulk LHM crystals were from a supersaturated solution of LHM, and the crystal morphology was indexed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Four types of potent modifiers were selected (including anionic surfactants, oxygen-rich polymers, hydroxyl-rich polymers, and carboxyl-rich polymers). The impact of various modifiers on the growth rate perpendicular to the (011) and (01̅ 1) surfaces was examined and evaluated through single-crystal growth experiments. TW20 and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) are potent inhibitors, and SDS and SLS serve as growth promoters. The action mechanisms of modifiers were revealed by binding specificity and DFT calculations through analyses of the surface electrostatic potential and adsorption energy. It was found that the electronegativity of the crystal surface plays an important role in determining the promotion or inhibition effect of selected modifiers. Our finding highlights the importance of electrostatic interactions in the screening of modifiers for inorganic salt crystals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile Roles of Modifiers in Crystal Growth and Morphology Modification of Lithium Hydroxide Monohydrate

Tang,

Zhang,

Tao

et al. 2024

Crystal Growth & Design

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“…Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a method for the characterization of the sample surface that uses a physical probe rather than light, including scanning tunneling microscope, atomic force microscope, electrostatic force microscope, Kelvin probe force microscope, etc It has many applications in the surface and interface structures, properties, and chemical reactions of minerals [35]. Some researchers have also used it to study the surface electrical properties of clay minerals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the surface electrical properties of clay minerals with electrostatic force microscopy and kelvin probe force microscopy

Qin,

Nie,

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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Many surface processes of clay minerals require in-depth understanding of their surface electrical properties, such as surface charge density, surface potential distribution, etc. In this paper, electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) were used to study the surface charge densities, surface potentials, electric field intensities, and electric field force gradients of three common clay minerals: kaolinite, montmorillonite, and illite. The properties were directly imaged, and the average surface permanent charge densities of kaolinite, montmorillonite, and illite were obtained to be -0.0060, -2.136, and -5.456 μC m-2, respectively. In addition, a good linear relationship was found between the surface charge densities obtained by KPFM and the layer charges calculated from the mineral chemical formulas of three clay minerals.

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Studies on Optical and Surface Analysis of Pure and Li: l-Threonine Crystals

Rao,

Ramana

2024

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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Progress in the applications of atomic force microscope (AFM) for mineralogical research

Cited by 7 publications

References 117 publications

Versatile Roles of Modifiers in Crystal Growth and Morphology Modification of Lithium Hydroxide Monohydrate

Versatile Roles of Modifiers in Crystal Growth and Morphology Modification of Lithium Hydroxide Monohydrate

Probing the surface electrical properties of clay minerals with electrostatic force microscopy and kelvin probe force microscopy

Studies on Optical and Surface Analysis of Pure and Li: l-Threonine Crystals

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