Progress in the 21st century: a Roadmap for the <i>Ecological Society of Japan</i>

Enoki, Tsutomu; Nakashizuka, Tohru; Nakano, Shin; Miki, Takeshi; Lin, Yu‐Pin; Nakaoka, Masahiro; Mizumachi, Eri; Shibata, Hideaki

doi:10.1007/s11284-014-1140-7

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“… Environmental variables in the causal network ( a ) can be exogenous (e.g., climate), which influence BD and EF, or endogenous (e.g., nutrients), which influence and can be influenced by BD and EF. Whereas endogenous factors can affect and be affected by organisms 5 , exogenous factors, such as precipitation and temperature, can only affect ecosystems (organisms do not influence precipitation and temperature on the scales considered in a majority of ecological studies, e.g., daily, monthly, or annual scales) and therefore cannot be included in feedbacks 26 . The causal network can be decomposed into modules ( b ): (i) individual causal links (e.g., L1~L8), (ii) pairwise feedbacks (e.g., L3-L4), and more complex (iii) triangular feedbacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causal networks of phytoplankton diversity and biomass are modulated by environmental context

Chang

Miki

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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Untangling causal links and feedbacks among biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and environmental factors is challenging due to their complex and context-dependent interactions (e.g., a nutrient-dependent relationship between diversity and biomass). Consequently, studies that only consider separable, unidirectional effects can produce divergent conclusions and equivocal ecological implications. To address this complexity, we use empirical dynamic modeling to assemble causal networks for 19 natural aquatic ecosystems (N24◦~N58◦) and quantified strengths of feedbacks among phytoplankton diversity, phytoplankton biomass, and environmental factors. Through a cross-system comparison, we identify macroecological patterns; in more diverse, oligotrophic ecosystems, biodiversity effects are more important than environmental effects (nutrients and temperature) as drivers of biomass. Furthermore, feedback strengths vary with productivity. In warm, productive systems, strong nitrate-mediated feedbacks usually prevail, whereas there are strong, phosphate-mediated feedbacks in cold, less productive systems. Our findings, based on recovered feedbacks, highlight the importance of a network view in future ecosystem management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 ) or endogenous drivers 25 (L8 in Fig. 1 ), both of which affect organisms 5 , although only endogenous drivers can be affected by organisms and involved in feedbacks 26 . Similarly, the consensus is lacking about relative contributions among causal determinants for species diversity 27 – 29 (L1, L3, and L6 in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal networks of phytoplankton diversity and biomass are modulated by environmental context

Chang

Miki

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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“…However, the rate of climate change seems to be fast, and its effects on forest ecosystems are uncertain (Dale et al 2001). Thus, a long-term ecological research (LTER) is necessary to understand the ecological responses to these slow changes (Enoki et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term ecological research on Korean forest ecosystems: the current status and challenges

Yun¹,

Chun²

2018

Ecological Research

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The present study aims to monitor the long‐term changes in forest structure, productivity, nutrient cycling, and to accumulate ecological information on forest ecosystem in Korea. There are six long‐term ecological research sites and seven flux measurement sites in Korea. The Gwangneung experimental forest (GEF) located in the central cool‐temperate forest sub zone is known as a model site where many interdisciplinary researches have been ongoing actively since mid‐1990s over all other Korea long‐term ecological research sites (KLTER). Collected data and information through monitoring and investigation of changes in forest ecosystem have been stored in a database for analyses. The relative importance of tree species (%) of GEF was in the order Quercus serrata (20) = Euonymus oxyphyllus (20) > Carpinus laxiflora (12). The total biomass and basal area were 249.53 t ha−1 and 26.66 m2 ha−1, respectively. There were 136 taxa with 49 families, with 97 genera, 11 varieties, 3 forma, and 1 subspecies in 1 ha permanent plot. The increase in temperature has been estimated to have negative effects on tree growth. The litter decomposition rate was in the order Cornus controversa < C. cordata < C. laxiflora < Q. serrata. The average litterfall and soil respiration were 5803 kg ha−1 and 8600 kg C ha−1, respectively. Further, the GEF, a KLTER site tended to be almost carbon neutral with an annual growth average of 51,000 ± 78,000 kg ha−1. The data from six LTER sites are digitalized and classified to build data catalogs on the ecological information system. The information on stand dynamics and materials and energy budget in the forest ecosystem is utilized for impact assessment and the study of adaptation strategy for forest ecosystem to climate change.

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“…At present, there are many gaps in the map, owing to diversification of science and gaps between society and science. To bring the map closer to completion, it is necessary to point out where the major gaps are located in order that they will be bridged (Agrawal et al 2007;Enoki et al 2014;Nakadai 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filling the gaps in ecological studies of socioecological systems

Chen

Hsieh

Kondo

et al. 2017

Ecological Research

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Our human-dominant world can be viewed as being built up in two parts, social and ecological systems, each consisting of multi-level organizations that interact in a complex manner. However, there are knowledge gaps among those interactions. In this paper, we focus on studies filling two types of gaps in the socioecological system, some of which are case studies in the East Asia region and others are discussed in a more general context. First, we address the gaps between different levels of organizations in ecological systems, namely, (1) the importance of plant trait plasticity in bridging evolution and ecology, (2) linking primary producer diversity and the dynamics of blue carbon in coastal ecosystems in the Asia-Pacific region, and (3) research direction of climate change biology to fill the gaps across evolution, community, and ecosystem. Also included is (4) the gap between ecological monitoring programs and theories, which also addresses the potential of citizen science. Second, we illustrate the gaps between ecological and social systems through ongoing development of an ecosystem management framework, i.e., ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction. Finally, we summarize the benefits of filling the gaps for ecologists and society.

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Progress in the 21st century: a Roadmap for the Ecological Society of Japan

Cited by 5 publications

References 81 publications

Causal networks of phytoplankton diversity and biomass are modulated by environmental context

Causal networks of phytoplankton diversity and biomass are modulated by environmental context

Long‐term ecological research on Korean forest ecosystems: the current status and challenges

Filling the gaps in ecological studies of socioecological systems

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