Progress in Sustainability and Durability of Concrete and Mortar Composites

Corbu, Ofelia; Toma, Ionuţ-Ovidiu

doi:10.3390/coatings12071024

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, the addition of hazelnut shell (HS) content introduces complexity to this relationship. For instance, a lower w/c ratio means that there is less water in the mix relative to the amount of cement [51,52]. This results in a more densely packed and compacted concrete matrix.…”

Section: Influence On Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete Using Crushed Hazelnut Shell

Gálvez Cartagena,

Muñoz Araya,

Yanez

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Concrete production requires a significant amount of natural resources, with aggregates comprising between 55% and 80% of the total volume. However, the over-exploitation of natural aggregates has led to the exploration of alternative materials for use in concrete production. In this study, crushed hazelnut shells were investigated as a partial replacement for fine aggregate, addressing the problem of natural resource depletion and offering a second use for this important agricultural waste product available in Chile. Hazelnut shells were incorporated in percentages of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% by weight of sand for water/cement ratios of 0.4 and 0.5. The compressive strength at 7 and 28 days and bending strength at 28 days were determined, alongside physical properties such as the workability, temperature, air content, fresh density, and hardened density of the concrete. Our findings showed that replacing 2.5% of the fine aggregate with hazelnut shells led to a higher compressive strength at 28 days, exceeding the strength of the standard specimens by 9.5%, whereas replacing 5% of the fine aggregate led to the highest bending strength, exceeding the strength of the standard specimens by 3.5%. Moreover, the 0.4 w/c ratio consistently led to better results for both compressive and bending strength, with fewer and lower reductions in mechanical strength compared to the standard mixture. Our results suggest that concrete mixes with hazelnut shells as a replacement for fine aggregate at a percentage of up to 2.5% can be used in construction systems with a compression strength lower than 17 MPa, and mixtures with up to 10% hazelnut shell replacement can be used in structures with tensile bending stress requirements lower than 6 MPa. Overall, the use of hazelnut shells as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete production presents an environmentally friendly and cost-effective solution for the construction industry.

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Section: Influence On Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete Using Crushed Hazelnut Shell

Gálvez Cartagena,

Muñoz Araya,

Yanez

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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“…With accelerated urbanization and industrialization, large amounts of construction and demolition waste (CDW) are generated [4][5][6][7], which results in significant adverse effects on the environment and prevents the achievement of the dual-carbon target [8][9][10]. Therefore, reusing CDWs to mitigate environment pollution is necessary [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Pretreatment on the Properties of Cement-Based Recycled Powder

Li,

Feng,

Zhong

et al. 2024

Coatings

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Three pretreatment methods including calcination, carbonization, and a carbonization-calcination combined pretreatment were studied to understand the pretreatment mechanisms for cement-based recycled powder (CRP). The mineral and microstructure of the CRP sample were investigated through X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravity (TG) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after exposure to different thermal temperatures (400 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C), carbonization times (6 h, 1 d, and 3 d), and pre-carbonization for 1 d followed by heating at 800 °C. The results showed that the optimal thermal pretreatment temperature was approximately 720–800 °C. Through the process of calcination, the C-S-H, Ca(OH)2, and CaCO3 minerals in the CRP sample underwent decomposition to produce CaO or C2S. During carbonation, the pretreatment not only results in the increased production of CaCO3 owing to the reaction of the C-S-H gel and Ca(OH)2 with CO2, but also enhances its properties and the strength of chemical bond between CaCO3 and the post-hydration products. Both CaCO3 and CaO were present after the combined pretreatment, which indicates that the CaCO3 mineral formed superior stability after it had been pre-carbonated. Due to fewer impurities in CRP, the positive effect of the pretreatment on CRP was significantly better than that on recycled powder derived from construction and demolition waste.

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“…An important characteristic of cementitious materials is their ability to accommodate large amounts of waste by replacing some or all of the cement and/or natural aggregate. Extensive research work has been carried out to evaluate the suitability of various industrial by-products as supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) and their influence on the rheology and physical and mechanical properties of mortars and concretes [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. In the steel industry, millions of tons of slag are a by-product that has to be neutralized for environmental reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Advantages on Using GGBS and ACBFS Aggregate to Obtain an Ecological Road Concrete

et al. 2023

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This work aims to show the advantages of using GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag) and ACBFS aggregate (Air-Cooled Blast Furnace Slag) on the tensile strength and durability properties of infrastructure concrete at the reference age of 28 days. Three concrete mixes were prepared: the first one was a control sample; the second one had 15% GGBS (instead of Portland cement) and 25% ACBFS (instead of natural sand); and the third had 15% GGBS (instead of Portland cement) and 50% ACBFS (instead of natural sand). The studies on mortars focused on the ratio of compressive strength (CS) in correlation with the specific surface area (obtained by the Blain method). The microstructure of the prepared mortars was examined at the age of 28 days by X-ray diffraction, SEM electron microscopy with an energy-dispersive EDX spectrometer, and NMR nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry. The results of the tests carried out afterwards on the concretes containing slag (15% GGBS and 25% or 50% ACBFS) showed values that met high-quality criteria for exfoliation (S56 < 0.1 kg/m2), carbonation, and gelling G100 (with a loss of resistance to compression η < 25%). The slag concretes showed a degree of gelation of G100 (with a loss of compressive strength below 25%), low volume losses below 18,000 mm3/5000 mm2 (corresponding to wear class 4, grade I), and moderate penetration of chlorine ions (according to the RCPT test). All of these allow the concrete with slag (GGBS/ACBFS) to be recommended as an ecological road concrete. Our study proved that a high-class road concrete of BcR 5.0 can be obtained, with tensile strengths of a minimum 5 MPa at 28 days (the higher road concrete class in Romania, according to national standards).

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Progress in Sustainability and Durability of Concrete and Mortar Composites

Abstract: The origins of concrete as a construction material date back more than 2000 years ago, but the origins of the term itself are still under debate due to its many different interpretations throughout history [...]

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Influence on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete Using Crushed Hazelnut Shell

Influence on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete Using Crushed Hazelnut Shell

Effect of the Pretreatment on the Properties of Cement-Based Recycled Powder

The Advantages on Using GGBS and ACBFS Aggregate to Obtain an Ecological Road Concrete

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