Progress in Research into 2D Graphdiyne-Based Materials

Abstract

Graphynes (GYs) are carbon allotropes with single-atom thickness that feature layered 2D structure assembled by carbon atoms with sp - and sp - hybridization form. Various functional theories have predicted GYs to have natural band gap with Dirac cones structure, presumably originating from inhomogeneous π-bonding between those carbon atoms with different hybridization and overlap of the carbon 2p orbitals. Among all the GYs, graphdiyne (GDY) was the first reported to be prepared practically and, hence, attracted the attention of many researchers toward this new planar, layered material, as well as other GYs. Several approaches have been reported to be able to modify the band gap of GDY, containing invoking strain, boron/nitrogen doping, nanoribbon architectures, hydrogenation, and so on. GDY has been well-prepared in many different morphologies, like nanowires, nanotube arrays, nanowalls, nanosheets, ordered stripe arrays, and 3D framwork. The fascinating structure and electronic properties of GDY make it a potential candidate carbon material with many applications. It has recently revealed the practicality of GDY as catalyst; in rechargeable batteries, solar cells, electronic devices, magnetism, detector, biomedicine, and therapy; and for gas separation as well as water purification.

Distinctive Improved Synthesis and Application Extensions Graphdiyne for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

“…Compared with no band‐gap of graphene, GD can show a band‐gap in the range from 0.46–1.22 eV, which exhibits a promising application in more fields of solar cells, photo‐detectors, electrocatalysts and photo‐catalysis etc. . However, since it was first reported by Haley et al.…”

Boosting ORR/OER Activity of Graphdiyne by Simple Heteroatom Doping

“…An analogue of graphene is graphdiyne: a semiconductor that consists of carbon hexagonal rings (sp 2 ‐hybridized C) and diacetylenic linkages (CCCC, sp‐hybridized C) . Recently, N‐doped graphdiynes emerged as promising ORR metal‐free catalysts, with low overpotential, small crossover effect, and long‐term stability .…”

Graphdiyne: A Brilliant Hole Accumulator for Stable and Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

“…[ 7 ] Different from the aforementioned traditional carbon materials consisting of extended networks with sp 3 and sp 2 ‐hybridized carbons, GDY possesses highly π‐conjugated structure connected by unique butadiyne linkages. [ 8 ] These structural peculiarities award GDY with outstanding electrical conductivity, high chemical stability, and superior resistance toward heat and moisture. [ 9 ] Since Li et al contrived a mild preparation method of transforming GDY‐related theoretical predictions to practical synthesis in 2010, [ 10 ] GDY has been extensively utilized in diverse research fields including catalysis, lithium‐ion batteries, field effect transistor, and solar cells.…”