Progress in Green Solvents for the Stabilisation of Nanomaterials: Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids

Tshemese, Zikhona; Masikane, Siphamandla C.; Mlowe, Sixberth; Revaprasadu, Neerish

doi:10.5772/intechopen.80062

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Both mechanisms create a protective coating around the NPs, thereby hindering their aggregation and control the distribution of their sizes. Judicious selection of the molecular structures of ILBSs is required for fabricating NPs with controlled sizes, shapes and porosity that can be useful in various biological applications and catalysis [ 218 , 219 , 220 ].…”

Section: Applications Of Il-based Surfactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquid-Based Surfactants: Recent Advances in Their Syntheses, Solution Properties, and Applications

et al. 2021

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The impetus for the expanding interest in ionic liquids (ILs) is their favorable properties and important applications. Ionic liquid-based surfactants (ILBSs) carry long-chain hydrophobic tails. Two or more molecules of ILBSs can be joined by covalent bonds leading, e.g., to gemini compounds (GILBSs). This review article focuses on aspects of the chemistry and applications of ILBSs and GILBSs, especially in the last ten years. Data on their adsorption at the interface and micelle formation are relevant for the applications of these surfactants. Therefore, we collected data for 152 ILBSs and 11 biamphiphilic compounds. The head ions of ILBSs are usually heterocyclic (imidazolium, pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, etc.). Most of these head-ions are also present in the reported 53 GILBSs. Where possible, we correlate the adsorption/micellar properties of the surfactants with their molecular structures, in particular, the number of carbon atoms present in the hydrocarbon “tail”. The use of ILBSs as templates for the fabrication of mesoporous nanoparticles enables better control of particle porosity and size, hence increasing their usefulness. ILs and ILBSs form thermodynamically stable water/oil and oil/water microemulsions. These were employed as templates for (radical) polymerization reactions, where the monomer is the “oil” component. The formed polymer nanoparticles can be further stabilized against aggregation by using a functionalized ILBS that is co-polymerized with the monomers. In addition to updating the literature on the subject, we hope that this review highlights the versatility and hence the potential applications of these classes of surfactants in several fields, including synthesis, catalysis, polymers, decontamination, and drug delivery.

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Section: Applications Of Il-based Surfactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquid-Based Surfactants: Recent Advances in Their Syntheses, Solution Properties, and Applications

et al. 2021

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“…Protic ILs (PILs) include the inexpensive [HSO 4 ]-based ILs. , Their synthesis entails the transfer of a hydrogen cation from the acid to the base. Aprotic ILs (AILs), which include 1,3-dialkyl imidazolium salts, make up the largest class of ILs . They are often synthesized in two steps, known as the metathesis route: (i) quaternization of amines or phosphines with suitable alkylation agents to form the cation; followed by (ii) metathesis via the addition of a metal or inorganic salt of the desired anion …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aprotic ILs (AILs), which include 1,3-dialkyl imidazolium salts, make up the largest class of ILs. 15 They are often synthesized in two steps, known as the metathesis route: (i) quaternization of amines or phosphines with suitable alkylation agents to form the cation; followed by (ii) metathesis via the addition of a metal or inorganic salt of the desired anion. 16 The metathesis route to AIL is complex and raises concerns over the resulting IL purity.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability Assessment of Alternative Synthesis Routes to Aprotic Ionic Liquids: The Case of 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate for Fuel Desulfurization

Baaqel

Hallett

Guillén‐Gosálbez

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Advantages of ionic liquids (ILs) over volatile organic solvents in chemical processes include no or negligible evaporative losses and high tunability. However, the conventional production of aprotic ILs via metathesis can be unattractive (both economically and environmentally) because of its high complexity, while the performance of other synthesis routes remains unclear. Existing life-cycle assessments furthermore fail to combine the production and use phases of these solvents, leading to erroneous conclusion about their sustainability credentials. This paper compares a one-pot, halide-free production route to 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIM][BF 4 ] against metathesis and two conventional fuel desulfurization solvents, namely, acetonitrile and dimethylformamide (DMF). Halide-free synthesis is predicted to reduce the cost and environmental impacts associated with the production of [BMIM][BF 4 ] by 2−5-fold compared to metathesis. Upon including the use phase of the solvents in fuel desulfurization and accounting for the uncertainty in background data, halide-free [BMIM][BF 4 ] consistently presents the lowest cost and environmental impacts, while DMF is the worst in class. As well as exemplifying the importance of synthesis routes of ILs on their sustainability, these results highlight the need to include the use phase of solvents for more comprehensive life-cycle assessments.

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“…These ILs can also be referred as promising green solvents . Keeping in view the extensive applications of imidazolium-based ILs, , it is vital to shed light on their refolding ability against chemically denatured proteins. Thus, for the present study, two ILs with 1,3-dialkyl imidazolium as cations, namely [Emim][ESO 4 ] (IL-1) and [Emim][Cl] (IL-2), were taken into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These ILs can interact with several biochemical species because of its high directional polarizability as well as hydrophobic or hydrophilic regions . It owns a multitude of useful characteristics such as convenient preparation, high thermal stability, and inertness to water and air. − These properties have established the ILs as a novel IL with the potential industrial and pharmacological application. Since then various studies reported the effect of ILs on protein stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids as Refolding Additives for Urea-Induced Denatured Serum Albumins

Sindhu

Bhakuni

Sankaranarayanan

et al. 2019

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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One of the major challenges in protein stability is that proteins can easily unfold in the presence of denaturants like urea, which alters the native structure of proteins. There are numerous studies in which ionic liquids (ILs) act as promising biocompatible solvents (Bio-IL) for biomolecules. In this context, we present the refolding ability of biocompatible imidazolium-based ILs, 1-ethyl 3-methyl imidazolium ethyl sulfate [Emim][ESO4] (IL-1) and 1-ethyl 3-methyl imidazolium chloride [Emim][Cl] (IL-2) against the chemically induced structural changes in bovine and human serum albumin (BSA and HSA). The work is substantiated with several spectroscopic, thermal and docking studies. In steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy, we observe that the emission intensity quenches for the protein in urea, which is reversible with the addition of ILs. Circular dichroism spectral studies reflect the reappearance of α helical content, which is a good indicator of the refolding ability of ILs. Further, thermal fluorescence studies showed that ILs have the ability to refold the urea-induced denatured protein at a higher temperature range only up to 7 M urea concentration; however, above 7 M urea concentration, IL somehow fails to refold the protein. The work is also supported by dynamic light scattering measurements, and the degree of BSA/HSA aggregation was reduced with the introduction of Bio-IL to the urea–BSA/urea–HSA system, ensuring the aggregate-free refolding. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were employed to probe the binding sites, and the results are well corroborated with the spectroscopic and thermal folding results. Therefore, through this paper, we aim to unravel the mechanistic intricacy of ILs using experimental and docking approaches. Overall, ILs act as recoiling medium for both native and unfolded (denatured by urea) BSA/HSA native structures.

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Progress in Green Solvents for the Stabilisation of Nanomaterials: Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids

Cited by 8 publications

References 102 publications

Ionic Liquid-Based Surfactants: Recent Advances in Their Syntheses, Solution Properties, and Applications

Ionic Liquid-Based Surfactants: Recent Advances in Their Syntheses, Solution Properties, and Applications

Sustainability Assessment of Alternative Synthesis Routes to Aprotic Ionic Liquids: The Case of 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate for Fuel Desulfurization

Implications of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids as Refolding Additives for Urea-Induced Denatured Serum Albumins

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