Progress in genetic engineering of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)—A review

Abstract

SummaryPeanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a major species of the family, Leguminosae, and economically important not only for vegetable oil but as a source of proteins, minerals and vitamins. It is widely grown in the semi-arid tropics and plays a role in the world agricultural economy. Peanut production and productivity is constrained by several biotic (insect pests and diseases) and abiotic (drought, salinity, water logging and temperature aberrations) stresses, as a result of which crop experiences serious economic losses. Genetic engineering techniques such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens and DNA-bombardment-mediated transformation are used as powerful tools to complement conventional breeding and expedite peanut improvement by the introduction of agronomically useful traits in high-yield background. Resistance to several fungal, virus and insect pest have been achieved through variety of approaches ranging from gene coding for cell wall component, pathogenesis-related proteins, oxalate oxidase, bacterial chloroperoxidase, coat proteins, RNA interference, crystal proteins etc. To develop transgenic plants withstanding major abiotic stresses, genes coding transcription factors for drought and salinity, cytokinin biosynthesis, nucleic acid processing, ion antiporter and human antiapoptotic have been used. Moreover, peanut has also been used in vaccine production for the control of several animal diseases. In addition to above, this study also presents a comprehensive account on the influence of some important factors on peanut genetic engineering. Future research thrusts not only suggest the use of different approaches for higher expression of transgene(s) but also provide a way forward for the improvement of crops.

Ex vitro hairy root induction in detached peanut leaves for plant–nematode interaction studies

“…Further studies showed that three A. hypogaea botanical varieties ( vulgaris, fastigiata , and peruviana ) belonging to the subspecies fastigiata were also able to generate composite plants and showed, respectively, 88, 81, and 72% of transformation efficiency [16]. Therefore, the choice of the peanut explant and genotype are key factors to achieve successful A. rhizogenes transformation [41]. …”

Genome-Wide Discovery of Microsatellite Markers from Diploid Progenitor Species, Arachis duranensis and A. ipaensis, and Their Application in Cultivated Peanut (A. hypogaea)

“…However, peanut is often grown on marginal soils with lesser inputs and usually intercropped with cereals in many countries. Peanut production and productivity is often constrained by several biotic and abiotic factors, such as drought, salinity, bacterial wilt disease, and leaf spot disease (Krishna et al, 2015). Cultivated peanut is an allotetraploid (AABB, 2n = 4 × = 40) derived from hybridization between A. duranensis (AA, 2n = 2 × = 20) and A. ipaensis (BB, 2n = 2 × = 20) (Lavia et al, 2011).…”

Expression of Single Chain Variable Fragment (scFv) Molecules in Plants: A Comprehensive Update

“…Among the methods employed for transformation of plant cells for scFv expression, Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer tops the list with more than 95% of representation in the reports. Transformation along with the genome editing techniques to modify the genome of the host plant to facilitate the protein expression in a tailor-made fashion has been the subject for a number of recent reviews [59][60][61][62]. In general, Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfer the T-DNA region from its Ti plasmid into the genome of the host plant, with the help of its vir gene products.…”