Progress in diet development for blue swimmer crab,Portunus pelagicus, juveniles: Effect of dietary phospholipid on survival, development, growth and resistance to osmotic shock

Abstract

This study examined the effects of dietary phospholipid (PL) level on survival, growth, development and resistance to osmotic shock of early blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus, juveniles. Six iso‐lipidic diets formulated to contain PL at 0 (basal), 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 g/kg (dry matter) were offered to first‐stage crabs (C1) until they achieved C4 stage. Highest survival (93.3%) was achieved by crabs fed diets with PL supplementation levels of 120 and 150 g/kg. Crabs fed diets with PL supplementation levels of 120 and 150 g/kg developed to C4, on average, in 14 days, which was significantly faster (p < 0.05) than crabs in all other treatments. Crabs fed with the same diets also had significant greater dry weight than crabs in other treatments (p < 0.01), except those fed the diet supplemented with 90 g/kg PL (p > 0.05). Dietary PL level markedly influenced survival of juveniles exposed to a stress test of low salinity (7 g/L); most crabs (>87%) fed diets supplemented with PL at 120 and 150 g/kg survived to the end of stress test. Dietary PL levels of 120 g/kg and 150 g/kg are suggested to maximize productivity in early P. pelagicus culture.

Survival, molting pattern, and growth of early blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus, juveniles fed diets containing varying levels of cholesterol

“…Mankura, Dalimunthe, and Kayama () compared the level of cholesterol esterification in crustaceans, fish, rats, and human beings and suggested that crustaceans had the lowest lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity, which is responsible for cellular cholesterol metabolism, particularly cholesterol contained in plasma lipoproteins. In a previous study with P. pelagicus juveniles of a size similar to those used here, dietary phospholipid (PL) supplementation was reported to markedly improved their growth, and optimal growth was achieved when the crabs were fed diets containing a PL level of >79 g/kg PL (Noordin et al, ). However, in the present study, all experimental diets contained lower levels of phospholipid at 60 g/kg dry diet.…”

“…Thirty healthy C1 crabs with a mean dry weight of 0.57 ± 0.03 mg and mean carapace length and carapace width of 2.34 ± 0.02 and 2.87 ± 0.05 mm, respectively, were used for each diet treatment, and each culture unit was regarded as a replicate; hence, a total of 210 crabs were used for the experiment. The individual housing of all P. pelagicus juveniles eliminated the compounding effects of cannibalism and allowed precise recording of consecutive intermolt periods for each crab (Noordin et al, ). The culture units were randomly placed within a water bath to maintain the water temperature within the culture units at 28 ± 2°C.…”

“…It is generally accepted that phospholipids enhance the mobilization of cholesterol (Teshima & Kanazawa, ), and dietary cholesterol may therefore be directly linked with MDS in crustaceans. The blue swimmer crab or sand crab, Portunus pelagicus , is an emerging aquaculture species throughout the Indo‐Pacific region (Noordin, Zeng, & Southgate, ). Aiming at the practical application of our results in food formulation for P. pelagicus juveniles, this study was conducted to assess the effects of different levels of dietary cholesterol on the survival, development, and growth of early juvenile P. pelagicus using isocaloric, semipurified diets.…”

Effects of Lysophospholipid Supplementation in Feed with Low Protein or Lipid on Growth Performance, Lipid Metabolism, and Intestinal Flora of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)

“…In turbot, it reduced the hepatic lipid content, plasma triglyceride concentration, and total cholesterol level and increased the plasma free fatty acid contents as well [ 19 ]. However, the lysophospholipid synthesis in fish is usually insufficient to meet their metabolic requirements [ 20 , 21 ]. Diets supplemented with exogenous lysophospholipid could improve protein efficiency ratio and growth of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) [ 22 ].…”