Progress in Bionanocomposite and Bioinspired Foams

Darder, Margarita; Aranda, Pîlar; Ferrer, M. Luisa; Gutiérrez, Marı́a C.; Monte, Francisco del; Ruiz-Hitzky, Eduardo

doi:10.1002/adma.201101617

Cited by 62 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…To this aim various fabrication techniques, such as porogen leaching, gas foaming, phase separation, fiber meshing, supercritical fluid processing, microsphere sintering, 3D printing, and freezedrying, have been employed. 16,17 In this study we developed biomimetic gelatin-nanocrystalline HA porous scaffolds with tailored properties. Gelatin is obtained through collagen thermal denaturation or physical and chemical degradations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D interconnected porous biomimetic scaffolds: In vitro cell response

Panzavolta

Torricelli

Amadori

et al. 2013

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Bone cell response to 3D bioinspired scaffolds was tested on osteoblast culture supernatants and by means of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Foaming and freeze-drying method was optimized in order to obtain three-dimensional interconnected porous scaffolds of gelatin at different contents of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (HA). Addition of a non toxic crosslinking agent during foaming stabilized the scaffolds, as confirmed by the slow and relatively low gelatin release in phosphate buffer up to 28 days. Micro-computed tomography reconstructed images showed porous interconnected structures, with interconnected pores displaying average diameter ranging from about 158 to about 71 μm as the inorganic phase content increases from 0 to 50 wt %. The high values of connectivity (>99%), porosity (> 60%), and percentage of pores with a size in the range 100-300 μm (>50%) were maintained up to 30 wt % HA, whereas higher content provoked a reduction of these parameters, as well as of the average pore size, and a significant increase of the compressive modulus and collapse strength up to 8 ± 1 and 0.9 ± 0.2 MPa, respectively. Osteoblast cultured on the scaffolds showed good adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. The presence of HA promoted ALP activity, TGF-β1, and osteocalcin production, in agreement with the observed upregulation of ALP, OC, Runx2, and TGF-β1 gene in qPCR analysis, indicating that the composite scaffolds enhanced osteoblast activation and extra-cellular matrix mineralization processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D interconnected porous biomimetic scaffolds: In vitro cell response

Panzavolta

Torricelli

Amadori

et al. 2013

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…In this approach, different systems such as polymer solutions, monomer solutions, inorganic colloidal dispersions, or their hybrid composites are frozen in one direction, and an ordered ice crystal grows along the freezing direction. [90,91] During this process, the solute material is segregated from the ice phase, giving rise to a hierarchical assembly by using the crystalline structure as a template. To generate a hydrogel material, the resulting free-standing scaffold (with ordered structures) is swollen with water.…”

Section: Freeze-castingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Nanocomposite Hydrogels with Highly Ordered Structures

et al. 2017

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In the human body, many soft tissues with hierarchically ordered composite structures, such as cartilage, skeletal muscle, the corneas, and blood vessels, exhibit highly anisotropic mechanical strength and functionality to adapt to complex environments. In artificial soft materials, hydrogels are analogous to these biological soft tissues due to their “soft and wet” properties, their biocompatibility, and their elastic performance. However, conventional hydrogel materials with unordered homogeneous structures inevitably lack high mechanical properties and anisotropic functional performances; thus, their further application is limited. Inspired by biological soft tissues with well‐ordered structures, researchers have increasingly investigated highly ordered nanocomposite hydrogels as functional biological engineering soft materials with unique mechanical, optical, and biological properties. These hydrogels incorporate long‐range ordered nanocomposite structures within hydrogel network matrixes. Here, the critical design criteria and the state‐of‐the‐art fabrication strategies of nanocomposite hydrogels with highly ordered structures are systemically reviewed. Then, recent progress in applications in the fields of soft actuators, tissue engineering, and sensors is highlighted. The future development and prospective application of highly ordered nanocomposite hydrogels are also discussed.

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“…19,20,24,25,[32][33][34][35][36] In this method, precursor solutions or suspensions of monomers or polymers are frozen under a unidirectional temperature gradient, thereby excluding the solute from the ice lattice into the space between the growing ice crystals. [37][38][39] To form a hydrogel, the resulting free-standing microporous scaffold is swollen with water. The elongated pore shapes in the hydrogel replicate the shapes of the unidirectionally grown ice crystals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite Hydrogels with Tunable Anisotropic Morphologies and Mechanical Properties

et al. 2016

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Fabrication of anisotropic hydrogels exhibiting direction-dependent structure and properties have attracted great interest in biomimicking, tissue engineering and bioseparation. Herein, we report a single-step freeze casting-based fabrication of structurally and mechanically anisotropic aerogels and hydrogels composed of hydrazone cross-linked poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) (POEGMA) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). We show that by controlling the composition of the CNC/POEGMA dispersion and the freeze casting temperature, aerogels with fibrillar, columnar, or lamellar morphologies can be produced. Small-angle X-ray scattering experiments show that the anisotropy of the structure originates from the alignment of the mesostructures, rather than the CNC building blocks. The composite hydrogels show high structural and mechanical integrity and a strong variation in Young's moduli in orthogonal directions. The controllable morphology and hydrogel anisotropy, coupled with hydrazone cross-linking and biocompatibility of CNCs and POEGMA, provide a versatile platform for the preparation of anisotropic hydrogels.

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Progress in Bionanocomposite and Bioinspired Foams

Cited by 62 publications

References 38 publications

3D interconnected porous biomimetic scaffolds: In vitro cell response

3D interconnected porous biomimetic scaffolds: In vitro cell response

Bioinspired Nanocomposite Hydrogels with Highly Ordered Structures

Composite Hydrogels with Tunable Anisotropic Morphologies and Mechanical Properties

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