Progress and Prospects in Pediatric Leukemia

Madhusoodhan, P. Pallavi; Carroll, William L.; Bhatla, Teena

doi:10.1016/j.cppeds.2016.04.003

Cited by 61 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Each year, more than 160 000 children under 20 years are diagnosticated with cancer in developed countries, of which 60% die 4 . Pediatric leukemia represents 30% of the pediatric cancer in which acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has had improvements in the treatment yielding well results in survival rate (90% in the latest studies) contrary to myeloid leukemia and other ALL 5 . Due to the great number of pediatric patients that die secondary to cancer disease and also, due to there are several unknown factors associated to these diseases, the European Pediatric Regulation has invited to develop drugs focused to pediatric population alongside to research programs for adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide, a valproic acid aryl derivative designed in silico with improved anti-proliferative activity in HeLa, rhabdomyosarcoma and breast cancer cells

Prestegui-Martel

Bermúdez-Lugo

Chávez‐Blanco

et al. 2016

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide, a valproic acid aryl derivative designed in silico with improved anti-proliferative activity in HeLa, rhabdomyosarcoma and breast cancer cells

Prestegui-Martel

Bermúdez-Lugo

Chávez‐Blanco

et al. 2016

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry

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“…The subjects were divided into experimental group and control group according to whether they had neutropenia. All participants ful lled the inclusion selected criteria by a questionnaire survey and laboratory tests: (1) according to clinical symptoms, signs and bone marrow cytology, it is consistent with childhood acute leukemia (including acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia)( (44,45); (2) blood routine test, liver, and kidney function before chemotherapy are normal; (3) no diarrhea within two weeks before sampling; (4) stool routine examination before chemotherapy is normal; (5) children have not used antibiotics and microecological preparations within 2 weeks before collecting specimens.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leukemia is the most common malignant tumor in childhood and can heal by chemotherapy. In recent years, with the gradual improvement of chemotherapy regimens and the progress of individualized treatment, the complete remission rate and long-term disease-free survival rate of childhood acute leukemia has been signi cantly improved (1) . Infection is part of the most important factors causing the death and treatment failure of childhood leukemia therapy (2)(3)(4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Gut Microbiome and Prediction of Infection in Neutropenic Children with Acute Leukemia

Wang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Neutropenia in children with acute leukemia have a high incidence of infection and mortality. To identify and classify the potentially infected pathogens, this study compared the structural characteristics of gut microbiome in neutropenic and non-neutropenic children with acute leukemia. Results: The results showed that 6033 OUTs were observed in total, and the sequence coverage index was more than 0.97. In the analysis of alpha diversity, the colony richness index (Chao1 index) of Group A1 was significantly lower than that of Group A0 (P = 0.035). The fecal bacterial communities were dominated by the phylum Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes in both groups, with no significant difference. Higher relative abundance of genera Enterococcus (P = 0.0076), Streptococcus (P = 0.014) and species Bacteroides fragilis (P = 0.034) were observed in Group A1, but class Clostridia (P = 0.038), genera Blautia (P = 0.021) and Roseburia (P = 0.011) were more prevalent in Group A0. The relatively high abundance of Bacteroides fragilis in neutropenia with childhood acute leukemia was an independent risk factor for infection (P=0.028, 95% CI 1.024-1.241).Conclusions: The increase of Enterococcus, Streptococcus and Bacteroides fragilis, and the decrease of Clostridium, Blautia, and Roseburia may be the characteristics of intestinal flora in patients with acute leukemia. The relatively high abundance of Bacteroides fragilis in neutropenia with childhood acute leukemia may predict the occurrence of infection.

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“…Still, even with improved treatments, the immediate and long-term consequences of childhood leukemia continue to exact a heavy toll. 2,3 The impacts and costs of childhood leukemia extend beyond the care of the sick child; affecting family, friends, and the community. Long-term and late-appearing secondary effects include detriments to neurocognitive development, mental health, endocrine system function, and general health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Leukemia and Primary Prevention

Whitehead

Metayer

Wiemels

et al. 2016

Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care

107

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Leukemia is the most common pediatric cancer, affecting 3,800 children per year in the United States. Its annual incidence has increased over the last decades, especially among Latinos. Although most children diagnosed with leukemia are now cured, many suffer long-term complications, and primary prevention efforts are urgently needed. The early onset of leukemia – usually before age five – and the presence at birth of “pre-leukemic” genetic signatures indicate that pre- and postnatal events are critical to the development of the disease. In contrast to most pediatric cancers, there is a growing body of literature – in the United States and internationally – that has implicated several environmental, infectious, and dietary risk factors in the etiology of childhood leukemia, mainly for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the most common subtype. For example, exposures to pesticides, tobacco smoke, solvents, and traffic emissions have consistently demonstrated positive associations with the risk of developing childhood leukemia. In contrast, intake of vitamins and folate supplementation during the pre-conception period or pregnancy, breastfeeding, and exposure to routine childhood infections have been shown to reduce the risk of childhood leukemia. Some children may be especially vulnerable to these risk factors, as demonstrated by a disproportionate burden of childhood leukemia in the Latino population of California. The evidence supporting the associations between childhood leukemia and its risk factors – including pooled analyses from around the world and systematic reviews – is strong; however, the dissemination of this knowledge to clinicians has been limited. To protect children’s health, it is prudent to initiate programs designed to alter exposure to well-established leukemia risk factors rather than to suspend judgement until no uncertainty remains. Primary prevention programs for childhood leukemia would also result in the significant co-benefits of reductions in other adverse health outcomes that are common in children, such as detriments to neurocognitive development.

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Progress and Prospects in Pediatric Leukemia

Cited by 61 publications

References 97 publications

N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide, a valproic acid aryl derivative designed in silico with improved anti-proliferative activity in HeLa, rhabdomyosarcoma and breast cancer cells

N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide, a valproic acid aryl derivative designed in silico with improved anti-proliferative activity in HeLa, rhabdomyosarcoma and breast cancer cells

Characteristics of Gut Microbiome and Prediction of Infection in Neutropenic Children with Acute Leukemia

Childhood Leukemia and Primary Prevention

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