Progress and perspectives of geothermal energy studies in China: from shallow to deep systems

Pang, Zhonghe; Kong, Yanlong; Shao, Haibing; Kolditz, Olaf

doi:10.1007/s12665-018-7757-z

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Abundant geothermal springs have been reported on the Chinese mainland [7]. Most of the high-temperature geothermal springs are distributed in southwestern China, including southern Tibet, western Sichuan, and western Yunnan [8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Conceptual Model of the Geothermal Waters in the Xianshuihe Fault Zone, Southwestern China

Huang

Liao

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Abundant geothermal waters have been reported in the Yalabamei, Zhonggu, Erdaoqiao, and Yulingong geothermal areas of the Xianshuihe Fault Zone of western Sichuan, southwestern China. This study focused on the hydrogeochemical evolution, reservoir temperature, and recharge origin of geothermal waters using hydrochemical and deuterium-oxygen (D-O) isotopic studies. Shallow geothermal waters represented by geothermal springs and shallow drilled water wells are divided into two hydrochemical groups: (1) the Ca–Na–HCO3 type in the Erdaoqiao area, and (2) Na–HCO3 in other areas. Deep geothermal waters represented by deep drilled wells are characterized by the Na–Cl–HCO3 type. The major ionic compositions of geothermal water are primarily determined by the water–rock interaction with silicate and carbonate minerals. The reservoir temperatures estimated by multi-geothermometries have a range of 63–150 °C for shallow geothermal water and of 190–210 °C for deep geothermal water, respectively. The δ18O and δD compositions indicated geothermal waters are recharged by meteoric water from the elevation of 2923–5162 m. Based on the aforementioned analyses above, a conceptual model was constructed for the geothermal system in the Xianshuihe fault zone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Conceptual Model of the Geothermal Waters in the Xianshuihe Fault Zone, Southwestern China

Huang

Liao

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Shallow geothermal energy resources are commonly distributed throughout the country. The annual recoverable amount of shallow geothermal energy resources within the planning areas of 336 cities in China is equivalent to 700 million tons of standard coal (Figure 1), which can realize an area of 32 billion m 2 for heating and cooling buildings [12,13].…”

Section: Geothermal Background 21 Overview Of Geothermal Resources In...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the Potential of China’s Geothermal Energy in Industrial Development and Carbon Emission Reduction

et al. 2023

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The goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality requires major systemic changes in the energy supply sector. As one of the major non-carbon-based energy sources, geothermal energy is characterized by large reserves, stability, and reliability. This paper summarizes the current situation of geothermal resource endowment and industrial development in China. Based on this, a system dynamics model of geothermal industrialization is established, and the potential of geothermal industrialization and carbon emission reduction in China is predicted. The prediction results show that the growth rate of geothermal heating and cooling areas in the next 40 years will follow a trend of acceleration followed by deceleration. China’s geothermal energy heating and cooling area will reach 11.32–14.68 billion m2 by 2060, an increase of about 9–12 times compared to 2020. The proportion of geothermal heating and cooling area to the total building area in China will reach 13.77–17.85%. The installed capacity of geothermal power generation will reach 14,452.80–20,963.20 MW by 2060 under the scenario with electricity subsidies. The proportion of geothermal energy in China’s primary energy consumption structure will reach 3.67–5.64%. The annual carbon emission reduction potential of the geothermal industry will reach 436–632 million tons, equivalent to 4.41–6.39% of China’s carbon emissions in 2020. The results of this study can provide a reference for the healthy and high-quality development of China’s geothermal industry and help to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.

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“…Hot Dry Rock (HDR) is a typical type of deep geothermal energy, referring to intact rock with extremely low permeability within a depth of more than 3 km and a temperature range of 150 to 650 • C [3]. To provide technical support for the development and utilization of geothermal energy, especially the use of enhanced geothermal system (EGS) technology to develop dry, hot rocks with huge reserves [4,5], of which drilling and thermal storage transformation are two core technologies [6], which are crucial to leveraging the advantages of geothermal energy resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study on the Mechanism of Fracture-Increasing and Permeability-Increasing in Granite Pore Walls by the Air DTH Hammer Percussion Drilling

Tian,

Yang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Processes

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Air DTH (Down-The-Hole) hammer percussion drilling (vibration percussion drilling) has proven to be a highly efficient geothermal drilling technique, and percussion fractures near the wellbore benefit geothermal energy development in many ways (such as hydraulic fracturing, perforation, etc.). However, no research has been done on the mechanism of fracture-increasing and permeation-increasing in granite pore walls by air DTH hammer percussion drilling. This article: (1) using an air drilling test device, an air DTH hammer whole bit impact rock fragmentation test was conducted on granite in an atmospheric environment; (2) dyeing experiments, CT scanning, and 3D reconstruction modeling were used to characterize and identify wellbore cracks; (3) research the strength, porosity, and permeability changes of granite wellbore through mechanical and permeability testing experiments; and (4) numerical simulation of impact stress waves using particle flow code (PFC) 6.0 software to demonstrate the rationality of impact experimental results. The results show that the air DTH hammer impact can induce micro-cracks in the wellbore, and the distribution of cracks is regionalized, mainly due to the attenuation of the impact stress wave. The numerical results are consistent with the experimental results. The average strength of granite decreased by 16.5%, the average porosity increased by 9.5%, the average permeability increased by 63.3%, the porosity increased from 0.0025% to 0.03%, and the porosity increased by about 12 times under the air DTH Hammer percussion drilling. The above results provide the theoretical basis and experimental proof for the ability of air DTH hammer drilling to produce wellbore cracks and improve wellbore permeability. The presented experimental results can be a useful reference for building numerical models.

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Progress and perspectives of geothermal energy studies in China: from shallow to deep systems

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Conceptual Model of the Geothermal Waters in the Xianshuihe Fault Zone, Southwestern China

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Conceptual Model of the Geothermal Waters in the Xianshuihe Fault Zone, Southwestern China

Predicting the Potential of China’s Geothermal Energy in Industrial Development and Carbon Emission Reduction

Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study on the Mechanism of Fracture-Increasing and Permeability-Increasing in Granite Pore Walls by the Air DTH Hammer Percussion Drilling

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