“…Plots include the supplementary data summarised in Tables A. 6-A.10. The tensile properties reported for both vertical (longitudinal) and horizontal samples were included here.…”
Section: Tablementioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, the understanding of the structure-property correlations in AM might be comprehensively addressed from the materials-science perspective [5]. Other perspectives in AM might focus on specific laser beam/sintering issues and carefully incorporate material aspects [6], but address post-processing to a limited extent. Then there are reviews available addressing post-processing effects on the surface integrity of materials produced by powder based fusion using a laser-based system (PBF-LB) [7].…”
“…Plots include the supplementary data summarised in Tables A. 6-A.10. The tensile properties reported for both vertical (longitudinal) and horizontal samples were included here.…”
Section: Tablementioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, the understanding of the structure-property correlations in AM might be comprehensively addressed from the materials-science perspective [5]. Other perspectives in AM might focus on specific laser beam/sintering issues and carefully incorporate material aspects [6], but address post-processing to a limited extent. Then there are reviews available addressing post-processing effects on the surface integrity of materials produced by powder based fusion using a laser-based system (PBF-LB) [7].…”
“…Their performance and life determine the performance and life of the engine and indirectly affect the performance of the whole engine [3]. Since disk forgings need to work under severe service conditions, higher requirements are placed on their forgings' organizational and mechanical properties [1,4]. Uniform distribution of deformation is one of the essential requirements for aerospace forgings [5].…”
To ensure a more uniform microstructure distribution of forging and improve the service performance of aeroengine disk parts, an automated preform design method is proposed for integrated preform shape design and optimization based on the NURBS curve, finite element method (FEM), and genetic algorithm (GA). Firstly, the random preform shape graph is automatically constructed by the NURBS curve design criterion. The volume and shape complexity are used as the constraints of the preform. Then the ratio of the mesh area within the set strain range to the total mesh area is used as the fitness function for the uniformity of deformation, and the genetic algorithm module is used for optimization. Finally, a large disk forging is an example of its optimal design. The results show that the deformation uniformity of the forgings is excellent, its fitness value is as high as 99.59%, and there are no problems such as folding, underfilling, and limited distribution of flash, which verifies the effectiveness of the method. In addition, the method has the advantage of strong universality, which can find the preform shape with good deformation uniformity for any shape forgings.
“…Additive manufacturing (AM) is an enabling technology that can be used to print parts with complex three-dimensional shapes and structures for use in a broad range of industries. A wide variety of AM technologies exists, and many of them rely on an energy (laser, electron) beam to deliver localized heat to the growing part, which melts or sinters the material powder/wire in a layer-by-layer manner [1,2]. There have been many in-depth studies of the detailed mechanisms of AM processes, with focus ranging from the resulting microstructure [3][4][5][6] to large structural aspects such as geometrical distortion [7][8][9].…”
High demand for components with complex geometries at macro and micro levels drives the development of additive manufacturing (AM). However, the scientific basis for designing energy beam scanning strategies (e.g. beam scanning speed, beam path, beam power) still relies on trial and error approaches (i.e. experimental/simulation of predefined beam trajectories) followed by the evaluation of process outcomes (e.g. structural/metallurgical properties of the built parts); this is the Direct Problem. To address such drawbacks, this paper reports, for the first time, a mathematical model for selecting key parameters related to beam exposure time in AM processes as an attempt to improve the build part's uniform properties, i.e. the
Inverse Heat Placement Problem.
Our algorithm yields variable beam scanning speeds and optimized beam paths for achieving a desired maximum temperature distribution (uniform or target pattern) and is suitable for different circumstances and scanning strategies dependent on the print part configuration. Here, raster and spiral predefined beam paths are chosen as examples. Variable beam scanning speeds and optimized beam paths obtained from our algorithm are able to induce a desirable uniform maximum temperature distribution compared with the conventional approach of constant beam scanning speeds and a predefined beam path.
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