Progress and Perspective of Ultra-High-Strength Martensitic Steels for Automobile

Chen, Hao; Zhao, Linlin; Lu, Shenghai; Lin, Zhangguo; Wen, Tao

doi:10.3390/met12122184

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 74 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It should be noted that both the addition of Nb and the increment of C content affect the microstructure transformation behavior during continuous cooling as well as the isothermal treatment and tempering process [26]. During the rolling stage, a part of the Nb is in the state of carbides, nitrides, or carbonitrides, which can refine grains, and the other part of the Nb is dissolved in the iron matrix to enhance the effect of the solid solution's strengthening [1]. On the other side, the precipitation during the tempering process of NbC is influenced by the addition of Nb and the increment of C content, which contribute to enhancing the strength (hardness) and the light weight of components, correspondingly.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since hardness alone cannot accurately indicate the degree of softening from a quenched state to a quasi-equilibrium state, the tempering ratio is introduced. The softening degree is described by the following definition [30], which can be represented by Equation (1).…”

Section: The Construction Of Tempering Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the problems of energy consumption and environmental pollution are still severe and the weight of the vehicles has a big effect on the fuel consumption, the reduction in the weight of vehicles is one of the research highlights [1][2][3][4]. According to the public data revealed by the New European Driving Cycle, fuel consumption by about 0.35 L 100 km −1 and CO 2 emissions by about 8.4 g km −1 are reduced with a weight reduction of 100 kg in a vehicle [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Study of Hardness Evolution during the Tempering Process of 38MnB5Nb Ultra-High-Strength Hot Stamping Steel: Experimental Analysis and Constitutive Models

Luo,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To elucidate the hardness evolution behaviors for 38MnB5Nb ultra-high-strength hot stamping steel, a series of tempering processes with varying tempering temperatures and times were carried out with a dilatometer. Meanwhile, the hardness of each sample was measured after dilatometer experiments. The results indicated that the tempering process parameters (including the tempering temperature and time) play an important role in the hardness of the studied steel. The hardness of 38MnB5Nb ultra-high-strength hot stamping steel at the quenched state is about 580 Hv, while it is 240 Hv for the quasi-annealed state. As the tempering time extends, the hardness is decreased sharply at the initial stage; then, the hardness is decreased in a quasi-linear trend with a slight slope; finally, the hardness almost keeps a constant value, which depends on the tempering temperature. In addition, the tempering process has a big effect on the mechanical properties of 38MnB5Nb ultra-high-strength hot stamping steel by increasing the product of the strength and elongation by about 40%.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Construction Of Tempering Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Study of Hardness Evolution during the Tempering Process of 38MnB5Nb Ultra-High-Strength Hot Stamping Steel: Experimental Analysis and Constitutive Models

Luo,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The development and application of ultra-high strength steel is an important means to realize automobile lightweight [1]. As one of the most representative ultra-high strength steels, 22MnB5 steel has been widely used in the automotive field [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on dynamic recrystallization of ultra-high strength 22MnB5 steel during hot rolling

Long,

Zhang,

Yang

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of deformation temperature and strain rate on the recrystallization behavior of ultra-high strength hot formed 22MnB5 steel was systematically studied by isothermal compression experiments, and the microstructure was characterized and analyzed. The results show that the peak stress and peak strain of 22MnB5 steel decrease with increasing deformation temperature and increase with increasing strain rate. The dynamic recrystallization of 22MnB5 steel is more sensitive to temperature and less affected by strain rate. The recrystallization behavior is significant during isothermal deformation above 1323 K. Based on the hyperbolic sinusoidal constitutive equation, the accurate prediction model of dynamic recrystallization grain size and a dynamic recrystallization critical strain model for 22MnB5 steel were established. The relationship between recrystallization austenite grain size and deformation temperature and deformation amount was obtained as follows: d=4.1×103[ε·exp(350.38/RT)]. The critical strains of complete recrystallization and complete non-crystallization at each deformation temperatures were determined by the critical strain model, which can provide a basis for the optimization design of rolling process parameters.

show abstract

“…However, while most simulation software available today performs different functions, only a few are designed specifically for welding simulations. The multi-task simulation software offers excellent results, but the time required to model a specific welding operation must be optimized [25][26][27][28]. Therefore, the necessity to obtain faster and cheaper results and, consequently, high-quality products can constantly stimulate the development of specialized and user-friendly simulation software in the welding process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of GMAW Process Parameters in Ultra-High-Strength Steel Based on Prediction

Netto

Bayock

Kah

2023

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ultra-high-strength steel (UHSS) is a complex and sophisticated material that allows the development of products with reduced weight but increased strength and can assist, for example, in the automotive industry, saving fuel in vehicles and decreasing greenhouse gas emissions. Welding UHSS has a certain complexity, mainly due to the higher alloys and heat treatments involved, which can result in a microstructure with higher sensitivity to welding. The primary purpose of the current work was to select the best parameters of the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) for welding the S960 material based on prediction methods. To achieve the expected results, a finite element analysis (FEA) was used to simulate and evaluate the results. It was found that the welding parameters and, consequently, the heat input derived from the process greatly affected the UHSS microstructure. Using FEA and estimating the extension of the heat-affected zone (HAZ), the peak temperature, and even the effect of distortion and shrinkage was possible. With an increase in the heat input of 8.4 kJ/cm, the estimated cooling rate was around 70 °C/s. The presence of a softening area in the coarse grain heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) of welded joints was identified. These results led to an increase in the carbon content (3.4%) compared to the base metal. These results could help predict behaviors or microstructures based on a few changes in the welding parameters.

show abstract

Progress and Perspective of Ultra-High-Strength Martensitic Steels for Automobile

Cited by 14 publications

References 74 publications

The Study of Hardness Evolution during the Tempering Process of 38MnB5Nb Ultra-High-Strength Hot Stamping Steel: Experimental Analysis and Constitutive Models

The Study of Hardness Evolution during the Tempering Process of 38MnB5Nb Ultra-High-Strength Hot Stamping Steel: Experimental Analysis and Constitutive Models

Study on dynamic recrystallization of ultra-high strength 22MnB5 steel during hot rolling

Optimization of GMAW Process Parameters in Ultra-High-Strength Steel Based on Prediction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About