Programming origami-like soft actuators using visible light

Danielson, Mary K.; Barnes, Jonathan C.

doi:10.1016/j.matt.2021.04.004

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Structure programming by using simple components and mild processing methods is very attractive: among them, two-dimensional (2D) materials draw the most attention because they are suitable for mass production and storage. − By using these mild conditions, such as visible light under room temperature, to process prebuilt 2D components, we not only improve the feasibility and accessibility of the processing method but also reduce the impact on the environment. − Furthermore, by making these processing conditions similar to daily life scenarios, we can further improve the biocompatibility of these methods, and even make the structure programming occur in daily usage. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium-Containing Dynamic Materials: Structure Programming through Selective Dissipation

Tan,

2024

Acc. Mater. Res.

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Metrics & MoreArticle Recommendations CONSPECTUS:The success of living systems lies in using mild conditions to construct diverse structures by reducing energy barriers that need to be overcome. However, the most powerful processing methods developed by humans, such as integrated die casting and additive manufacturing, are either energy-consuming or time-consuming. Hence, it is very attractive and environmentally friendly to use simple, prebuilt, programmable components and transform them into structures with various functions by using mild processing methods. Dynamic covalent bonds, which can transform the entire structure by breaking a few low-energy bonds in the material, reduce the energy required to be input and dissipated when constructing ordered structures, making them an important tool for developing programmable materials with mild processing conditions. The challenges in this field lie in improving the accessibility, efficiency, and batch-processing capability. The establishment of order relies critically on selective energy input or dissipation. In this context, "order" refers to a thermodynamic state that deviates from equilibrium, exemplified by a temperature gradient or specific spatial distribution of particles, which simultaneously increases systemic order and reduces entropy. To forge such ordered systems or structures, energy input or dissipation must be selective rather than uniform. However, selectivity necessitates patterned inputs or stimuli, such as digital light processing, templating, or additive manufacturing, which are inherently customized and thus not readily scalable for mass industrial production. Consequently, the pivotal solution lies in minimizing the reliance on patterned stimuli. For example, the accessibility and scalability of flood illumination are superior to digital light processing. Concurrently, when reducing the usage of patterned stimuli, we need to increase the dissipation rate between multiple materials that can be integrated together to construct ordered structures, which is an essential aspect for improving efficiency. This Account summarizes how our research group uses the dissipative characteristics of selenium and the information density of light to achieve selective energy input and dissipation in two-dimensional plane and three-dimensional space. In this process, we propose a series of unique strategies for ordered structure programming, such as interfacial, unconstrained, or modular methods. These methods either reduce the usage of patterned stimuli, or improve the efficiency, and ultimately reduce the time of structure programming with nonpatterned stimuli to within minutes. Moreover, we also look forward from the perspective of chemical design to illustrate how selenium and its derived dynamic covalent bonds can accelerate the rate of energy dissipation, increase the difference of dissipation rate between the dissipation and nondissipation areas, and further reduce the time required to structure programming to within seconds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium-Containing Dynamic Materials: Structure Programming through Selective Dissipation

Tan,

2024

Acc. Mater. Res.

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“…Stimulus-responsive hydrogels have become an ideal material for smart actuators because of their soft and wet properties, biocompatibility, and large deformation [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Hydrogel actuators can convert a variety of external stimuli (such as light [8][9][10], heat [11,12], electricity [13,14], magnetism [15,16], humidity [17,18], pH [19][20][21], etc.) into mechanical energy and produce controllable and reversible deformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tissue Paper/Hydrogel Composite Light-Responsive Biomimetic Actuator Fabricated by In Situ Polymerization

Chen

et al. 2022

Polymers

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Stimulus-responsive hydrogels are an important member of smart materials owing to their reversibility, soft/wet properties, and biocompatibility, which have a wide range of applications in the field of intelligent actuations. However, poor mechanical property and complicated fabrication process limit their further applications. Herein, we report a light-responsive tissue paper/hydrogel composite actuator which was developed by combining inkjet-printed tissue paper with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogel through simple in situ polymerization. Due to the high strength of natural tissue paper and the strong interaction within the interface of the bilayer structure, the mechanical property of the composite actuator was highly enhanced, reaching 1.2 MPa of tensile strength. Furthermore, the light-responsive actuation of remote manipulation can be achieved because of the stamping graphite with high efficiency of photothermal conversion. Most importantly, we also made a few remotely controlled biomimetic actuating devices based on the near-infrared (NIR) light response of this composite actuator. This work provides a simple strategy for the construction of biomimetic anisotropic actuators and will inspire the exploration of new intelligent materials.

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A Light‐Driven Actuator Enables Versatile Motion for Smart Transportation and Contactless Delivery

Hou

Zhao

2023

Advanced Optical Materials

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Light‐driven actuators are advantageous among various actuators because it enables remote, contactless, and localized manipulation without any complex equipment. However, most of them rely solely on the Marangoni effect which is slow in velocity and would be quenched in liquid with low surface tension force. Here, a dual‐mode actuator based on both the Marangoni effect and vapor jet flow is reported through the introduction of an excellent photothermal polymer crosslinked by Fe3+/catechol coordination bonds. The light‐driven ship not only realizes multimode motions such as forward, backward, rotation and obstacle crossing at the air/water interface, but also enables smart transportation and contactless delivery which has not been realized before. Moreover, the incorporation of photothermal conversion performance and self‐healing ability into near‐infrared photo‐responsive actuators at the molecular level can guarantee facile fabrication and prolong the service time of the light‐driven actuators which is the first dual‐mode light‐driven actuator with self‐healing ability. This work provides a new strategy for the structural design and application of the liquid/air interface light‐driven self‐propelled device.

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Programming origami-like soft actuators using visible light

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Selenium-Containing Dynamic Materials: Structure Programming through Selective Dissipation

Selenium-Containing Dynamic Materials: Structure Programming through Selective Dissipation

A Tissue Paper/Hydrogel Composite Light-Responsive Biomimetic Actuator Fabricated by In Situ Polymerization

A Light‐Driven Actuator Enables Versatile Motion for Smart Transportation and Contactless Delivery

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