Programmed reduction of ABC transporter activity in sea urchin germline progenitors

Campanale, Joseph P.; Hamdoun, Amro

doi:10.1242/dev.076752

Cited by 30 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Consistent with this hypothesis, small micromeres segregate to left and right coelomic pouches precisely (Campanale and Hamdoun, 2012; Pehrson and Cohen, 1986; Tanaka and Dan, 1990). The mechanisms that govern this ordered segregation remain unclear but it seems likely that the autonomous motility we report is important.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…1B′–C′). Additionally, the expression of NTM-mCit in the small micromeres did not alter the average 5-left:3-right (Campanale and Hamdoun, 2012; Pehrson and Cohen, 1986) small micromere segregation into the coelomic pouches (Fig. 1D).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The mechanisms that govern this ordered segregation remain unclear but it seems likely that the autonomous motility we report is important. It was previously demonstrated that segregation is disrupted by inhibiting ABC transporter activity (Campanale and Hamdoun, 2012), or disrupting Nodal signaling (Luo and Su, 2012), suggesting that small micromeres migrate to the coelomic pouches using signals that specify the left/right axis. Further studies into this migration could provide insight into the mechanisms by which motility is regulated along the left-right axis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spawning and gamete gathering was performed as described previously (Campanale and Hamdoun, 2012). For microinjection, eggs were held on protamine sulfate coated delta-T dishes (Bio-ptechs, Butler, PA), and mRNA was injected at 2–5% of egg volume (Lepage and Gache, 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although this left/right segregation is precise, with more than 90% of embryos having a 4/4 or 5/3 pattern (Campanale and Hamdoun, 2012), it has remained unclear whether this process occurs passively by translocation of small micromeres or actively, by migration. A previous study suggested that small micromeres translocate from the vegetal to the animal pole during early gastrulation by the movement of the elongating archenteron (Yajima and Wessel, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migration of sea urchin primordial germ cells

Campanale

Gökirmak

Espinoza

et al. 2014

Developmental Dynamics

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Background: Small micromeres are produced at the fifth cleavage of sea urchin development. They express markers of primordial germ cells (PGCs), and are required for the production of gametes. In most animals, PGCs migrate from sites of formation to the somatic gonad. Here, we investigated whether they also exhibit similar migratory behaviors using live-cell imaging of small micromere plasma membranes. Results: Early in gastrulation, small micromeres transition from non-motile epithelial cells, to motile quasi-mesenchymal cells. Late in gastrulation, at 43 hr post fertilization (HPF), they are embedded in the tip of the archenteron, but remain motile. From 43-49 HPF, they project numerous cortical blebs into the blastocoel, and filopodia that contact ectoderm. By 54 HPF, they begin moving in the plane of the blastoderm, often in a directed fashion, towards the coelomic pouches. Isolated small micromeres also produced blebs and filopodia. Conclusions: Previous work suggested that passive translocation governs some of the movement of small micromeres during gastrulation. Here we show that small micromeres are motile cells that can traverse the archenteron, change position along the left-right axis, and migrate to coelomic pouches. These motility mechanisms are likely to play an important role in their left-right segregation. Developmental Dynamics 243:917-927, 2014. V C 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migration of sea urchin primordial germ cells

Campanale

Gökirmak

Espinoza

et al. 2014

Developmental Dynamics

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Embryo, larval, and juvenile staging of Lytechinus pictus from fertilization through sexual maturation

Nesbit

Hamdoun

2020

Developmental Dynamics

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Background: Sea urchin embryos have been used for more than a century in the study of fertilization and early development. However, several of the species used, such as Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, have long generation times making them suboptimal for transgenerational studies. Results: Here, we present an overview of the development of a rapidly developing echinoderm species, Lytechinus pictus, from fertilization through sexual maturation. When grown at room temperature (20 C) embryos complete the first cell cycle in 90 minutes, followed by subsequent cleavages every 45 minutes, leading to hatching at 9 hours postfertilization (hpf). The swimming embryos gastrulate from 12 to 36 hpf and produce the cells which subsequently give rise to the larval skeleton and immunocytes. Larvae begin to feed at 2 days and metamorphose by 3 weeks. Juveniles reach sexual maturity at 4 to 6 months of age, depending on individual growth rate. Conclusions: This staging scheme lays a foundation for future studies in L. pictus, which share many of the attractive features of other urchins but have the key advantage of rapid development to sexual maturation. This is significant for multigenerational and genetic studies newly enabled by CRISPR-CAS mediated gene editing.

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