Programme africain de lutte contre l’onchocercose (APOC) : transmission d’Onchocerca volvulusparSimulium damnosumS. l. dans deux régions de la République Centrafricaine

Abstract

Summary : AFRICAN PROGRAMME FOR ONCHOCERCIASIS CONTROL (APOC): ONCHOCERCA VOLVULUS TRANSMISSION BY SIMULIUM DAMNOSUM S. L. IN TWO REGIONS OF THE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLICEntomological baseline data were collected in the villages of Zinga and Boali-Falls in Central African Republic (CAR) in view of the long term impact assessment of community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI). Morphological determinations revealed that flies caught in both sites belong to the sub-group Sou/Sq. In Boali, the nuisance was relatively high with biting rates averaging 243 bites/man/day, with a parous rate of 61.6 % and a crude annual transmission potential (ATP) of 8,259 infective larvae/man/year; and the average number of infective larvae per 1,000 parous flies was 177. In Zinga, the mean biting rate was 191 bites/man/day, with a parous rate of 51.6 %, a crude ATP of 3,422, and 86 infective larvae per 1,000 parous flies. In conclusion, the vectorial capacity and the entomological indices recorded are characteristic of high onchocerciasis transmission zones. However, some of the infective larvae found, maybe of animal origin, need identification to better determine the real level of endemicity. Résumé : Des données entomologiques de base ont été recueillies dans les villages de Zinga et Boali-Chutes, en République Centrafricaine (RCA) en prévision de l'évaluation de l'impact à long terme du traitement par l'ivermectine sous directives communautaires (TIDC

Situation analysis of parasitological and entomological indices of onchocerciasis transmission in three drainage basins of the rain forest of South West Cameroon after a decade of ivermectin treatment

“…This may also explain the relatively high mf prevalence obtained in most of the communities surveyed globally. The same trend was seen while comparing our entomological data in Bolo with that collected in 1998 and 1999 [ 37 ]. Moreover, in Bakumba we noted that the pre-control infective rate was lower than the infective rate observed in this study.…”

An entomological study of onchocerciasis vectors, Simulium damnosum s.l., in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

“…Our results corroborate with those of Nascimento-Carvalho in Brazil or Homoxi, where the biting activity of female Simuliidae showed a bimodal pattern, with peaks in activities early morning (between 7 and 8.50 a.m.) and afternoon (between 4 and 5.50 p.m.) [39]. In Thirei, the biting activity was evenly distributed throughout the day [40]. Black ies were captured simultaneously in Homoxi and Thirei using systematic methods to compare the traditional capture method using human bait (Human Landing Catch, HLC) with HLC protected by MosqTent® [39].…”

“…The black y survival rate, in our study, was not as low as that reported by Makenga et al (2015) [27]. Contrarily, observed a relatively higher percentage at Zinga in the Central African Republic, with an estimated parity rate of 5.3% [40], than Kahn, Cameroon (parity rate: 7.2%) [22]. The higher parity rate in the Cameroonian study was because it was conducted for 12 months.…”

“…Human baits were used to capture adult black ies based on Le Berre's method [13,14,21]. Capture points at each study site were selected following Enyong's criteria, including, proximal to black y-breeding grounds (along the river), accessible throughout the year, located in shade, sheltered from the wind, and distal from regular human activity [22]. Four staff, two per site, were trained in standard methods of capturing adult ies, "human landing collection [23]".…”

Etude contributive à la connaissance des populations de simulies dans la commune de Bouaflé, Centre-Ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire

“…Les simulies sont dites infectées lorsqu'elles hebergent des larves évolutives (L1, L2 ou L3), quelle que soit leur localisation. Les simulies hébergeant des larves infectantes dans la tête sont appelées simulies infectieuses (Enyong et al, 2005). Toutes les observations sont transcrites sur une fiche de dissection journalière qui est jointe à la fiche de capture.…”