Programmable synthesis of shape-, structure-, and composition-modulated one-dimensional heterostructures by galvanic displacement reaction

Abstract

One-dimensional heterostructures consisting of periodically modulated bismuth telluride tube/wire were synthesized by galvanic displacement reaction of Co/Ni multi-segmented sacrificial nanowires. Utilizing the difference in redox potential and corrosion behavior of Co and Ni, segments, dimension, composition, and structure of the individual segments were also precisely engineered. The programmable ability to synthesize heterostructures with simultaneously modulation of various dimensions in ambient conditions may lead to an effective route to synthesize high performance nanodevices including nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, sensors, and thermoelectrics.

Synthesis and Thermoelectric Characterization of Lead Telluride Hollow Nanofibers

“…Control over the dimension and morphology of the PbTe nanofibers was achieved by varying the diameter of Co nanofibers ( i.e ., 52 and 124 nm) and the concentrations of Pb 2+ (i.e., 10, 50, and 100 mM) in the electrolytes and, while maintaining the concentrations of HNO 3 and at 0.1 M and 0.1 mM, respectively. Compared to the GDR of PbSeNi, the concentration of HNO 3 in the PbTe's electrolytes was ten times lower (i.e., 0.1 M) to reduce the dissolution rate of Co, which is much faster than that of Ni (Jung et al, 2012 ).…”

“…However, limited works are reported on the synthesis of metal chalcongenide nanofibers because of difficulty to prepare solutions. Therefore, synthesis of a few millimeter chalcogenide nanofibers has been realized by combining electrospinning with an additional process called the galvanic displacement reaction (Xiao et al, 2007b ; Chang et al, 2010a , b , 2014 ; Hangarter et al, 2010 ; Jung et al, 2010 , 2012 ; Park et al, 2010 , 2013 ; Rheem et al, 2010 ; Suh et al, 2012 , 2013 ; Elazem et al, 2013 ; Jeong et al, 2013 ; Liu et al, 2013 ; Wu et al, 2014 , 2015 ; Zhang et al, 2014 ), by which the electrospun nanofibers can be converted to desired hollow metal chalcogenides spontaneously. Several hollow nanofibers of chalcogens and metal chalcogenides [e.g., Te (Lee et al, 2011 ; Jeong et al, 2013 ), Ag 2 Te (Park et al, 2015 ; Zhang et al, 2015 ), and Pb x Se y Ni z (Zhang et al, 2014 )] have been successfully synthesized by this method in our group.…”

Bamboo-like Te Nanotubes with Tailored Dimensions Synthesized from Segmental NiFe Nanowires as Sacrificial Templates

“…Segmental NiFe nanowires with Ni-rich and Fe-rich components were prepared by electrodeposition method utilizing porous AAO membranes for use as a sacrificial material. 9,22 The length of each segment was controlled by varying the plating time. The plating electrolyte was composed of 0.9 M FeCl 2 , 0.6 M NiCl 2 , 1.0 M CaCl 2 , and 0.03 M L-ascorbic acid in deionized water with adjusted pH of 0.7.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Recently, a new approach to the fabrication of 1-D heterostructures such as nanopeapods, core-shell nanowires, multisegmental nanowires, and dumbbell-like nanowires has been developed that expands the range of properties and functionalities of 1-D nanostructures. [6][7][8][9][10][11] Conventional physical and chemical depositions have mainly been utilized in the synthesis of 1-D nanostructures with well-controlled morphologies and dimensions. [12][13][14][15][16][17] However, it is difficult to use vapor deposition techniques for the synthesis of 1-D nanostructures with complex heteronanostructures and tailored dimensions.…”

“…GDR is a spontaneous electrochemical reaction driven by the difference between the redox potentials of the sacrificial material and the ions in the electrolyte at nearly ambient conditions without the aid of an external power source. [7][8][9][10][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Tellurium is a p-type semiconductor with a narrow band gap of 0.35 eV at room temperature. 1-D Te nanostructures have been found to exhibit excellent properties in electrical and optical devices such as room temperature gas sensors, thermoelectric devices, piezoelectric devices, and photo-conductors.…”