Programmable materials based on periodic cellular solids. Part I: Experiments

Restrepo, David; Mankame, Nilesh D.; Zavattieri, Pablo

doi:10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2016.09.021

Cited by 55 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Owing to the "layer by layer" method of fabrication and a wide spectrum of available materials (polymers, metals and resins) used in the manufacturing process, cellular materials with a regular structure indicate specific features unavailable to reach in comparison to bulk materials [3,4]. Low mass and high stiffness make them attractive as engineering materials [5]. They have been started to be used in this field of application in leading branches of industry (automotive [6,7], aviation [8], railway [9], bio-engineering [10,11] and military [12][13][14]) as well as in civil engineering and modern art.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations on the Mechanical Response of Gradient Lattice Structures Manufactured via SLM

Sienkiewicz

Płatek

Jiang

et al. 2020

Metals

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The main aim of the paper is to evaluate the mechanical behavior or lattice specimens subjected to quasi-static and dynamic compression tests. Both regular and three different variants of SS 316L lattice structures with gradually changed topologies (discrete, increase and decrease) have been successfully designed and additively manufactured with the use of the selective laser melting technique. The fabricated structures were subjected to geometrical quality control, microstructure analysis, phase characterization and compression tests under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions. The mismatch between dimensions in the designed and produced lattices was noticed. It generally results from the adopted technique of the manufacturing process. The microstructure and phase composition were in good agreement with typical ones after the additive manufacturing of stainless steel. Moreover, the relationship between the structure relative density and its energy absorption capacity has been defined. The value of the maximum deformation energy depends on the adopted gradient topology and reaches the highest value for a gradually decreased topology, which also indicates the highest relative density. However, the highest rate of densification was observed for a gradually increasing topology. In addition, the results show that the gradient topology of the lattice structure affects the global deformation under the loading. Both, static and dynamic loading resulted in both barrel- and waisted-shaped deformation for lattices with an increasing and a decreasing gradient, respectively. Lattice specimens with a gradually changed topology indicate specific mechanical properties, which make them attractive in terms of energy absorption applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations on the Mechanical Response of Gradient Lattice Structures Manufactured via SLM

Sienkiewicz

Płatek

Jiang

et al. 2020

Metals

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“…Mechanical properties of metamaterials result from a superposition of many different factors: bulk material, manufacturing parameters, defects from fabrication, unit cell geometry, cell size, parametrization, unit cell distribution, connection and periodicity ( Figure 2). These factors will be illustrated in more detail individually in the following subsections [1,3,[38][39][40].…”

Section: Current Design Space For Mechanical Metamaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metamaterials are three-dimensionally architected materials whose properties are not only governed by their bulk properties, but also rather by their internal geometrical design [1]. In contrast to foams, metamaterials are composed of "unit cells": three-dimensionally arranged, well defined geometrical building blocks [2][3][4]. Feature sizes range from the macroscopic elements in the millimeter range down to the nanoscale-depending on the manufacturing strategy [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Metamaterials on the Way from Laboratory Scale to Industrial Applications: Challenges for Characterization and Scalability

2020

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Mechanical metamaterials promise a paradigm shift in materials design, as the classical processing-microstructure-property relationship is no longer exhaustively describing the material properties. The present review article provides an application-centered view on the research field and aims to highlight challenges and pitfalls for the introduction of mechanical metamaterials into technical applications. The main difference compared to classical materials is the addition of the mesoscopic scale into the materials design space. Geometrically designed unit cells, small enough that the metamaterial acts like a mechanical continuum, enabling the integration of a variety of properties and functionalities. This presents new challenges for the design of functional components, their manufacturing and characterization. This article provides an overview of the design space for metamaterials, with focus on critical factors for scaling of manufacturing in order to fulfill industrial standards. The role of experimental and simulation tools for characterization and scaling of metamaterial concepts are summarized and herewith limitations highlighted. Finally, the authors discuss key aspects in order to enable metamaterials for industrial applications and how the design approach has to change to include reliability and resilience.

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“…Also, in order to adapt to continuously varying criteria, the microstructure must also be able to respond continuously to the stimulus. For instance, if it adapts its topology to a certain degree only in a preprocessing stage but remains fixed afterwards [16] then it cannot ensure an optimal response at all times. Both of these examples were in the context of topology adaptation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart composites with tunable stress–strain curves

2019

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Smart composites with tunable stress-strain curves are explored in a numerical setting. The macroscopic response of the composite is endowed with tunable characteristics through microscopic constituents which respond to external stimuli by varying their elastic response in a continuous and controllable manner. This dynamic constitutive behavior enables the composite to display characteristics that cannot be attained by any combination of traditional materials. Microscopic adaptation is driven through a repetitive controller which naturally suits the class of applications sought for such composites where loading is cyclic. Performance demonstrations are presented for the overall numerical framework over complex paths in macroscopic stress-strain space. Finally, representative two-and three-dimensional tunable microstructures are addressed by integrating the control approach within a computational environment that is based on the finite element method, thereby demonstrating the viability of designing and analyzing smart composites for realistic applications.

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Programmable materials based on periodic cellular solids. Part I: Experiments

Cited by 55 publications

References 45 publications

Investigations on the Mechanical Response of Gradient Lattice Structures Manufactured via SLM

Investigations on the Mechanical Response of Gradient Lattice Structures Manufactured via SLM

Mechanical Metamaterials on the Way from Laboratory Scale to Industrial Applications: Challenges for Characterization and Scalability

Smart composites with tunable stress–strain curves

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