Prognostic Value of Inflammation-Based Markers in Advanced or Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumours

Abstract

Background The role of systemic inflammation–based markers remains uncertain in advanced or metastatic neuroendocrine tumours (nets).Methods Systemic inflammatory factors, such as levels of circulating white blood cells and other blood components, were combined to yield inflammation-based prognostic scores [high-sensitivity inflammation-based Glasgow prognostic score (hsgps), neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (nlr), platelet:lymphocyte ratio (plr), high-sensitivity inflammation-based prognostic index (hspi), and prognostic nutritional index (pni)], whose individual values as prognostic markers were retrospectively determined. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine the association of inflammatory markers with overall survival (os).Results The study included 135 patients. Univariate analysis revealed that elevated white blood cell count, elevated neutrophil count, low serum albumin, elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and elevated hspi, hsgps, and nlr scores were significantly associated with worse os. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that, apart from pathology grade and original site of the tumour, elevated hspi (p = 0.004) was an independent prognostic factor for worse os.Conclusions In the present study, elevated pretreatment hspi was observed to be an independent predictor of shorter os in patients with inoperable advanced or metastatic net. The hspi might thus provide additional guidance for therapeutic decision-making in such patients.

Tumor-infiltrating platelets predict postoperative recurrence and survival in resectable pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor

“…Nevertheless, the ability of platelet-associated indicators determined by blood tests to predict clinical outcome is in dispute. Although one study identified platelet count as a risk factor for recurrence and 3-year survival probability in resectable pNET[8], another study reported that platelet count was not associated with overall survival (OS) in inoperable advanced or metastatic pNET[9]. Other platelet-associated indicators, such as mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), have been described as distinguishable serous indicators of pNET risk and prognosis[10,11].…”

Is There a Novel Prognostic Parameter for Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumours? The Prognostic Value of Albumin and Hemoglobin in Patients Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumours

“…Zou J et al aimed to find out inflammation based prognostic factors and revealed a new scoring system in a study which included patients with advanced and metastatic NETs. This scoring system was a combination of Glasgow Prognostic Score, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, high-sensitivity inflammationbased prognostic index and prognostic nutritional index [8]. On the contrary of that study, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio failed to predict disease outcome or survival.…”

“…The emerging data suggest that inflammatory response in tumour microenvironment has a role in determining the outcomes of the cancers [11]. Thereby, recent studies have been focused on the markers that might reflect the inflammatory response in tumour microenvironment [8][9][10].…”

“…Different response rates and survival outcomes of NETs, even within the same group, might be attributed to its heterogeneous nature. There are number of studies in the literature to identify prognostic or predictive markers in NETs [7][8][9][10]. However, there are still no well-established…”

Increased Circulating/Systemic Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Recurrence After Curative Resection in Patients With Well-Differentiated Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm Based on the 2017 World Health Organization Classification: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

“…In terms of systemic in ammation-based markers in PanNEN, preoperative NLR and PLR have been reported to be useful for predicting lymph node metastasis or recurrence [24][25][26][27][28]. However, these studies included a moderate number of patients with distant metastatic stage IV or poorly differentiated PanNEN (NEC), as de ned as 2010 WHO NET-G3.…”