Prognostic value of 17-Gene genomic prostate score in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Background The 17-gene Genomic Prostate Score (GPS) test has been clinically employed to predict adverse prognosis in prostate cancer. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the 17-gene GPS in patients with prostate cancer. Methods Potentially relevant studies were obtained by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Embase databases from their inception to December 1, 2023. Studies were considered eligible if they evaluated the association of the 17-gene GPS with distant metastases, biochemical recurrence, or prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM) in prostate cancer patients. To estimate the prognostic value, we pooled the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the high versus low GPS group or per 20-unit increase in GPS. Results Seven cohort studies that reported on 8 articles comprising 1,962 patients satisfied the eligibility criteria. Meta-analysis showed that per 20-unit increase in GPS was significantly associated with distant metastases (HR 2.99; 95% CI 1.97–4.53), biochemical recurrence (HR 2.18; 95% CI 1.64–2.89), and PCSM (HR 3.14; 95% CI 1.86–5.30). Moreover, patients with high GPS (> 40 points) had an increased risk of distant metastases (HR 5.22; 95% CI 3.72–7.31), biochemical recurrence (HR 4.41; 95% CI 2.29–8.49), and PCSM (HR 3.81; 95% CI 1.74–8.33) than those with low GPS (≤ 40 points). Conclusions A higher 17-gene GPS significantly predicts distant metastases, biochemical recurrence, and PCSM in men with clinically localized prostate cancer. However, large-scale multicenter prospective studies are necessary to further validate these findings.