Prognostic Significance of Intratumoral Microvessel Density in Canine Soft-Tissue Sarcomas

Luong, Richard; Baer, Keith; Craft, D. M.; Ettinger, Stephen J.; Scase, T.; Bergman, Philip J.

doi:10.1354/vp.43-5-622

Cited by 40 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Therefore, reporting should be thorough and inclusive. In veterinary medicine, a variety of assays and techniques have been used in attempts to identify prognostic markers for neoplastic diseases, including clinical parameters, 1,18,24 histologic features, 27,42,46 immunohistochemistry, 33,56 quantitative PCR, 16 evaluations for genomic mutations, 57 and specific serum protein levels or enzyme activity analyses. 17,25 The variety of assays used to identify prognostic markers will likely increase as new technologies are developed.…”

Section: Methods Of Prognostic Marker Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommended Guidelines for the Conduct and Evaluation of Prognostic Studies in Veterinary Oncology

et al. 2010

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There is an increasing need for more accurate prognostic and predictive markers in veterinary oncology because of an increasing number of treatment options, the increased financial costs associated with treatment, and the emotional stress experienced by owners in association with the disease and its treatment. Numerous studies have evaluated potential prognostic and predictive markers for veterinary neoplastic diseases, but there are no established guidelines or standards for the conduct and reporting of prognostic studies in veterinary medicine. This lack of standardization has made the evaluation and comparison of studies difficult. Most important, translating these results to clinical applications is problematic. To address this issue, the American College of Veterinary Pathologists' Oncology Committee organized an initiative to establish guidelines for the conduct and reporting of prognostic studies in veterinary oncology. The goal of this initiative is to increase the quality and standardization of veterinary prognostic studies to facilitate independent evaluation, validation, comparison, and implementation of study results. This article represents a consensus statement on the conduct and reporting of prognostic studies in veterinary oncology from veterinary pathologists and oncologists from around the world. These guidelines should be considered a recommendation based on the current state of knowledge in the field, and they will need to be continually reevaluated and revised as the field of veterinary oncology continues to progress. As mentioned, these guidelines were developed through an initiative of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists' Oncology Committee, and they have been reviewed and endorsed by the World Small Animal Veterinary Association.

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Section: Methods Of Prognostic Marker Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommended Guidelines for the Conduct and Evaluation of Prognostic Studies in Veterinary Oncology

et al. 2010

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“…Studies of canine STS in general have not always employed thorough follow-up protocols and/or reported histologic verification of metastasis, relying on diagnostic imaging techniques and/or cytology to demonstrate metastasis and leaving uncertainty about estimates for metastatic rate. 3,7,11,23,32,34,40,48,49 Grade II tumors occur with intermediate frequency. 23,38,40 Grade II tumors with complete margins also appear to rarely, if ever, recur.…”

Section: Histologic Gradementioning

confidence: 99%

“…34 Because IMD is a measure of tumor angiogenesis, it may play an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis, and there is a biological basis for increased malignant potential. A positive association between IMD and the occurrence of clinically evident metastasis was shown.…”

Section: Other Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prognostic Factors for Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Soft Tissue Sarcomas in Dogs

McSporran²,

et al. 2010

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Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) develop from mesenchymal cells of soft tissues, and they commonly occur in the skin and subcutis of the dog. Although phenotypically diverse with frequently controversial histogenesis, STSs are considered as a group because they have similar features microscopically and clinically. Following resection, local recurrence rates are low in general but vary according to histologic grade and completeness of surgical margins. Complete margins predict nonrecurrence. Even most grade I STSs with ''close'' margins will not recur, but propensity for recurrence increases with grade. The frequency of metastasis has not been accurately estimated, but it is believed to be rare for grade I STSs and most likely to occur with grade III STSs. However, metastasis does not necessarily equate with poor survival. High mitotic index is prognostic for reduced survival time. Further research is needed to determine more precise estimates for recurrence rates and survival as related to completeness of surgical margins and to delineate potential differences in metastatic rate and median survival time between grades. Other potential indicators of prognosis that presently require further investigation include histologic type, tumor dimension, location, invasiveness, stage, markers of cellular proliferation, and cytogenetic profiles. Common issues limiting prognostic factor evaluation include biases from retrospective studies, small sample sizes, poor verification of metastasis, inconsistent STS classification and use of nomenclature, difficulties in differentiating STS phenotype, and diversity of the study population (stage of disease and treatment status).

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“…21 Similarly, canine soft-tissue sarcoma IMD values, measured by factor VIII and CD31 immunostaining, have been positively correlated with higher histological grade, necrosis scores, and mitotic scores. 30 The statistically significantly higher IMD in subcutaneous histiocytic sarcomas compared with low-grade STS is an interesting finding. Furthermore, in subcutaneous histiocytic sarcomas, the increase in IMD paralleled the increase in immunoreactivity of Glut-1.…”

Section: 39mentioning

confidence: 91%

An Immunohistochemical Study of the Expression of the Hypoxia Markers Glut-1 and Ca-IX in Canine Sarcomas

Abbondati

Del-Pozo²,

Hoather

et al. 2013

Vet Pathol

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Tumor hypoxia has been associated with increased malignancy, likelihood of metastasis, and increased resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in human medicine. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key transcription factor that is induced by tumor hypoxia and regulates the pathways involved in cellular response and adaptation to the hostile tumor microenvironment. HIF-1 induces transcription of different proteins, including Ca-IX and Glut-1, which are considered endogenous markers of chronic hypoxia in solid tumors in humans. In this study, sections from 40 canine sarcomas (20 histiocytic sarcomas and 20 low-grade soft-tissue sarcomas) were immunostained for these markers. Expression of Glut-1 was scored based on percentage of positive staining cells (0 ¼ <1%; 1 ¼ 1%-50%; 2 ¼ >50%) and intensity of cellular staining (1 ¼ weak; 2 ¼ strong); Ca-IX was scored based on percentage of positive cells (0 ¼ <1%; 1 ¼ 1%-30%; 2 ¼ >30%). Intratumoral microvessel density was measured using CD31 to assess intratumoral neoangiogenesis. Histiocytic sarcomas showed statistically significant higher Glut-1 immunoreactivity and angiogenesis than did low-grade soft-tissue sarcomas. Intratumoral microvessel density in histiocytic sarcomas was positively associated with Glut-1 immunoreactivity score. These findings suggest a potential role of hypoxia in the biology of these tumors and may provide a base for investigation of the potential prognostic use of these markers in naturally occurring canine tumors.

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Prognostic Significance of Intratumoral Microvessel Density in Canine Soft-Tissue Sarcomas

Cited by 40 publications

References 25 publications

Recommended Guidelines for the Conduct and Evaluation of Prognostic Studies in Veterinary Oncology

Recommended Guidelines for the Conduct and Evaluation of Prognostic Studies in Veterinary Oncology

Prognostic Factors for Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Soft Tissue Sarcomas in Dogs

An Immunohistochemical Study of the Expression of the Hypoxia Markers Glut-1 and Ca-IX in Canine Sarcomas

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