Prognostic Roles of Inflammation- and Nutrition-Based Indicators for Female Patients with Cancer

Abstract

Purpose The incidence, progression, and prognosis of cancer could be affected by inflammation and nutrition. Female patients have different inflammatory and nutritional states depending on their age and tumor types. It is important to screen for suitable prognostic indicators in female patients with cancer of different ages and tumor types. Patients and Methods Baseline clinicopathologic and laboratory characteristics of 1502 female patients with cancer were obtained from a multicenter cohort study. Concordance indices (C-indices) were used to evaluate the prediction accuracy of following inflammation- and nutrition-based indicators: advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), modified geriatric nutritional risk index (mGNRI), albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR), controlling nutritional status score (CONUT), modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS), and lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein score (LCS). Results The most suitable indicators in different female populations with cancer had C-indices as follows: LCR (0.668; 95% CI, 0.644–0.693) for all females; AGR (0.681; 95% CI, 0.619–0.743) for young females; LCR (0.667; 95% CI, 0.628–0.706) for middle-aged females; ALI (0.597; 95% CI, 0.574–0.620) for elderly females; LCR (0.684; 95% CI, 0.621–0.747) for females with reproductive system cancer; and ALI (0.652; 95% CI, 0.624–0.680) for females with non-reproductive system cancer. Conclusion The most suitable indicators for the different female populations with cancer are summarized as follows: LCR for all females, AGR for young females, LCR for middle-aged females, ALI for elderly females, LCR for females with reproductive system cancer, and ALI for females with non-reproductive system cancer.

Cholesterol-modified prognostic nutritional index (CPNI) as an effective tool for assessing the nutrition status and predicting survival in patients with breast cancer

“…Patients were classified into premenopausal (< 50 years old) and postmenopausal (≥ 50 years old) categories based on their age at diagnosis. For all patients, the body mass index (BMI) was calculated using the formula: BMI = weight (kg)/height (m) 2 . The patients were then divided into three groups according to the BMI: normal weight (< 24 kg/m 2 ), overweight (24.0-28.0 kg/ m 2 ), and obese (≥ 28 kg/m 2 ).…”

“…Author details 1 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China. 2 Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition, Beijing 100038, China. 3 Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing 100038, China.…”

“…Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women, and its incidence is increasing globally, posing a significant threat to women's health and life [1]. Malnutrition can lead to decreased immunity, metabolic disorders, and decreased treatment tolerance, subsequently affecting the effectiveness of cancer treatments and patient prognosis [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Thus, evaluating the nutritional status of patients with breast cancer and implementing appropriate interventions are of great significance for improving their quality of life and prolonging their survival.…”

Prognostic Value of Inflammation-Immunity-Nutrition Score and Inflammatory Burden Index for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients After Hepatectomy

“…The optimal cut-off values for each laboratory index were then calculated based on each patient's OS using X-tile software (version 3.6.1; https://medicine.yale.edu/lab/rimm/research/software/; Figure S1). 10,12,15 The scores of PI, GPS, and mGPS were calculated as shown in Table S1. 11…”

“…These indicators include C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), prognostic index (PI), Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), and modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS). [7][8][9][10][11] The inflammation-immunity-nutrition score (IINS), a combination of C-reactive protein (CRP), lymphocyte (LYM) count and serum albumin (ALB) level, 12 has shown promising prognostic performance in colorectal cancer, 12 endometrial cancer, 13 and HCC treated with therapy targeting programmed cell death protein 1. 14 Similarly, the inflammatory burden index (IBI) is also a potential inflammatory biomarker that can be used to predict prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, 15 pancreatic cancer 16 or bladder cancer.…”