Prognostic Role of Monocyte Distribution Width, CRP, Procalcitonin and Lactate as Sepsis Biomarkers in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients

Bajić, Dejana; Matijašević, Jovan; Andrijević, Ljiljana; Zarić, Bojan; Lalić-Popović, Mladena; Andrijević, Ilija; Todorović, Nemanja; Zubnar, Andrea; Tapavički, Borislav; Ostojić, Jelena

doi:10.3390/jcm12031197

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…MDW, which has been used as a novel biomarker for the detection of sepsis, 70 has been reported in several recent studies on COVID-19. 71,72 In our pooled results, MDW showed the superior discriminatory ability in identifying SARS-CoV-2 infection. 75 suggesting that MDW may be a useful tool for predicting a higher risk of adverse outcomes in COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Novel inflammatory biomarkers in the prognosis of COVID-19

Zhan,

Wang,

Lin

et al. 2023

Ther Adv Respir Dis

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Background: The central role of inflammatory progression in the development of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in severe cases, is indisputable. However, the role of some novel inflammatory biomarkers in the prognosis of COVID-19 remains controversial. Objective: To assess the effect of some novel inflammatory biomarkers in the occurrence and prognosis of COVID-19. Methods: We systematically retrieved the studies related to COVID-19 and the inflammatory biomarkers of interest. The data of each biomarker in different groups were extracted, then were categorized and pooled. The standardized mean difference was chosen as an effect size measure to compare the difference between groups. Results: A total of 90 studies with 12,059 participants were included in this study. We found higher levels of endocan, PTX3, suPAR, sRAGE, galectin-3, and monocyte distribution width (MDW) in the COVID-19 positive groups compared to the COVID-19 negative groups. No significant differences for suPAR and galectin-3 were detected between the severe group and mild/moderate group of COVID-19. In addition, the deaths usually had higher levels of PTX3, sCD14-ST, suPAR, and MDW at admission compared to the survivors. Furthermore, patients with higher levels of endocan, galectin-3, sCD14-ST, suPAR, and MDW usually developed poorer comprehensive clinical prognoses. Conclusions: In summary, this meta-analysis provides the most up-to-date and comprehensive evidence for the role of the mentioned novel inflammatory biomarkers in the prognosis of COVID-19, especially in evaluating death and other poor prognoses, with most biomarkers showing a better discriminatory ability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Novel inflammatory biomarkers in the prognosis of COVID-19

Zhan,

Wang,

Lin

et al. 2023

Ther Adv Respir Dis

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“…Our results showed a moderately positive correlation between CRP and Procalcitonin (RS = 0.405 mg/L); a similar moderate correlation was reported in a study in Serbia (RS = 0.423 mg/L). [ 27 ] These 2 proteins are produced at high levels during the inflammatory response; thus, it is evident that both would elevate COVID-19 infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin-6 and the determinants of severe COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study

Hafez,

Nasa,

Khairy

et al. 2023

Medicine

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Cytokines, notably interleukin-6 (IL-6), increase considerably in patients with severe corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This vigorous immune response may cause end-organ failure or death; hence, measuring IL-6 in the context of patient characteristics may help predict outcomes and encourage early comprehensive therapy. This study investigated the association between serum IL-6 levels, COVID-19 severity, and demographic, clinical, and biochemical characteristics. COVID-19 inpatients in NMC hospitals were investigated between November 2020 and November 2021. Several patient variables related to serum IL-6 and COVID-19 severity have been examined. The study included 374 COVID-19 inpatients, 235 of whom had severe disease with a median age of 51. The elderly had an increased risk of severe COVID-19 (73.8%) compared with young adults (71%), with higher white blood cells, D-dimer, Lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, ferritin, prothrombin time, Procalcitonin, and fibrinogen levels (P < .001). C-reactive protein, troponin, intensive care unit admission, disease severity score, and mortality were significantly associated with higher serum IL-6 levels (P = .05) in the univariate analysis, but this significance disappeared in the multivariate analysis. IL-6, along with other demographic and clinical variables affected COVID-19 severity. These characteristics may predict patients at risk of severe disease and assist in establishing early comprehensive disease outcome strategies. Large-scale clinical research is needed to emphasize IL-6 and COVID-19.

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“…It is hence not surprising that we found a high degree of heterogeneity of monocyte volumes in our experiments (i.e., the higher MO-WZ) which could be reflected by an increased value of the monocyte distribution width (MDW; i.e., the relative change in the volume of circulating monocytes). Recent studies and meta-analyses concluded that the MDW is not only increased in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to those without [28], but is also a significant predictor of unfavorable clinical progression in those with COVID-19 [29][30][31][32]. Importantly, platelet phagocytosis could also be observed especially in specimens challenged with 20 ng/mL of Alpha and Delta recombinant spike protein (Figure 4), a pathological process that has been previously described in the blood smears of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and reflecting intense monocyte activation and haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis [33], a frequent condition seen in patients with COVID-19 [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Types of Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein on Circulating Monocytes Structure

Vettori¹,

Dima²,

Henry³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: This study investigated the biological effects on circulating monocytes after challenge with SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein. Methods: Whole blood collected form seven ostensibly healthy healthcare workers was incubated for 15 min with 2 and 20 ng/mL recombinant spike protein of Ancestral, Alpha, Delta and Omicron variants. Samples were analyzed with Sysmex XN and DI-60 analyzers. Results: Cellular complexity (i.e., presence of granules, vacuoles and other cytoplasmic inclusions) increased in all samples challenged with the recombinant spike protein of Ancestral, Alpha and Delta variants, but not in those containing Omicron. The cellular content of nucleic acids was constantly decreased in most samples, achieving statistical significance in those containing 20 ng/mL of Alpha and Delta recombinant spike proteins. The heterogeneity of monocyte volumes significantly increased in all samples, achieving statistical significance in those containing 20 ng/mL of recombinant spike protein of Ancestral, Alpha and Delta variants. The monocyte morphological abnormalities after spike protein challenge included dysmorphia, granulation, intense vacuolization, platelet phagocytosis, development of aberrant nuclei and cytoplasmic extrusions. Conclusions: The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein triggers important monocyte morphological abnormalities, more evident in cells challenged with spike protein of the more clinically severe Alpha and Delta variants.

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Prognostic Role of Monocyte Distribution Width, CRP, Procalcitonin and Lactate as Sepsis Biomarkers in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Novel inflammatory biomarkers in the prognosis of COVID-19

Novel inflammatory biomarkers in the prognosis of COVID-19

Interleukin-6 and the determinants of severe COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study

Effects of Different Types of Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein on Circulating Monocytes Structure

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