Prognostic role of circulating cytokines and inflammation indexes for avelumab maintenance in metastatic urothelial carcinoma
Brigida Anna Maiorano,
Giovanni Schinzari,
Carmine Carbone
et al.
Abstract:BackgroundAvelumab maintenance after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy represents a cornerstone for the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). However, identifying prognostic biomarkers is paramount for optimizing patients’ benefits while minimizing toxicity. Cytokines represent circulating mediators of the complex interaction between cancer, the immune system, and inflammation. Inflammation, a hallmark of cancer, can be expressed by circulating factors. In different tumor subtypes, periphera… Show more
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