Prognostic Modeling Studies of the Keweenaw Current in Lake Superior. Part I: Formation and Evolution

Chen, Changsheng; Zhu, Jianrong; Ralph, E; Green, Sarah; Budd, Judith Wells; Zhang, Frank Y.

doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2001)031<0379:pmsotk>2.0.co;2

Cited by 80 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We can finally point out that our achieved results appear to be consistent with the studies conducted by Ng et al Bushman and Piotroski, Ben Ali, Chen et al Shleifer et al who have demonstrates the positive impact of ownership structure on the performance and the establishment of a low aspect of accounting conservatism within companies [11,29,30,32,44,56].…”

Section: The Examination Ofsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The adoption of management incentives significantly affects the accounting conservatism and the information quality [31]. Chen et al confirm that companies with concentrated participation may be less incented to improve the quality of the financial statements [32]. According to Srivastava and Tse, the financial statements reflect the accounting conservatism [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accounting Conservatism and the Company's Performance: the Moderating Effect of the Ownership Structure

Affes¹,

Sardouk²

2016

J Bus Fin Aff

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Our study analyzed the nature of the effect of governance mechanisms such as the ownership structure on the relationship between accounting conservatism and company's performance. We try to identify the moderating effect of this mechanism.In this sense, we seek to answer the following question: What is the contribution of ownership structure to the relationship between accounting conservatism and the company's performance which is measured by the return on equity?Several authors showed that the relevance of the accounting results depend on the effectiveness of the governance mechanisms in place [13][14][15]. Taking account of the moderating effect of ownership as a mechanism of governance structure is, in our opinion, an enrichment for the existing literature.The remainder of the paper is structured as follows: we begin with a brief survey of the empirical literature. The description of the sample data and variables as well as the presentation and discusses of our empirical findings will be figured in a next part. Literature Review and Hypothesis DevelopmentThe literature review identifies the accounting result as an important indicator of performance measurement. The finding of the aggressiveness of the accounts and the decrease of the response factors of the benefits demonstrated by several authors pushed researchers to wonder about the relevance of the accounting figures [16,17].Regarding the information quality in the financial statements, any business has an interest in ensuring the quality of its information Keywords: Ownership structure; Moderating effect; Accounting conservatism; Accounting performance IntroductionThe impact issue of the accounting information quality on performance has been the subject of several theoretical and empirical controversies. Several new empirical approaches have emerged gradually in order to make attempts at answers to the observed theoretical and methodological limitations [1][2][3].The 2000's crisis outbreak led to a questioning of the accounting information credibility and of its relevance for investors. It was followed by multiple reforms with the main objective is to strengthen the security of the transactions. The origin of this crisis is found in the previous economic and financial literature which has always praised the benefits of the market, its free functioning and its ability to recover its state of equilibrium with spontaneity. However, confidence in the market self-regulatory mechanisms is shaking when crises occur and we begin to think about the governmental or legislative action to restore the imbalance born of the inefficient operation or imperfect markets [4]. This crisis has particularly highlighted the failure of governance models.Following this crisis, several codes were established to ensure quality financial information and serve as a basis for the mitigation of the agency conflicts between the companies and the various stakeholders. The adoption of new regulations for governance promotes the development of a new wave of research focusing exclusively o...

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Section: The Examination Ofsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accounting Conservatism and the Company's Performance: the Moderating Effect of the Ownership Structure

Affes¹,

Sardouk²

2016

J Bus Fin Aff

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“…7a). Strong prevailing currents (Lam 1978;Chen et al 2001;2010 (Jensen 2004). The photos allowed mapping of the original pile's changing boundaries (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and multispectral studies of disturbed Lake Superior coastal environments

Kerfoot

Yousef

Green

et al. 2012

Limnology & Oceanography

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Due to its high spatial resolution and excellent water penetration, coastal light detection and ranging (LiDAR) coupled with multispectral imaging (MSS) has great promise for resolving shoreline features in the Great Lakes. Previous investigations in Lake Superior documented a metal-rich ''halo'' around the Keweenaw Peninsula, related to past copper mining practices. Grand Traverse Bay on the Keweenaw Peninsula provides an excellent Great Lakes example of global mine discharges into coastal environments. For more than a century, waste rock migrating from shoreline tailings piles has moved along extensive stretches of coast, damming stream outlets, intercepting wetlands and recreational beaches, suppressing benthic invertebrate communities, and threatening critical fish breeding grounds. In the bay, the magnitude of the discarded wastes literally ''reset the shoreline'' and provided an intriguing field experiment in coastal erosion and spreading environmental effects. Employing a combination of historic aerial photography and LiDAR, we estimate the time course and mass of tailings eroded into the bay and the amount of copper that contributed to the metal-rich halo. We also quantify underwater tailings spread across benthic substrates by using MSS imagery on spectral reflectance differences between tailings and natural sediment types, plus a depth-correction algorithm (Lyzenga Method). We show that the coastal detail from LiDAR and MSS opens up numerous applications for ecological, ecosystem, and geological investigations.Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is an airborne laser-ranging technique that acquires high-resolution elevation and bathymetric data (Ackermann 1999). The data are collected with aircraft-mounted lasers capable of recording elevation measurements at a rate of 10-200-kHz pulses s 21 for above-water topographic stretches and 1-10-kHz for coastal bathymetric surveys, with a maximum vertical precision of 15 cm (Crow et al. 2007). In coastal surveys, the aircraft travels over a water stretch at about 60 m s 21 , pulsing two varying laser beams toward earth through an opening in the plane's fuselage: a red wavelength (infrared) beam that is reflected by the water surface and a narrow, blue-green wavelength beam that penetrates the water surface and is reflected from the bottom surface. The LiDAR sensor records the time difference between the two signals to derive measurements of water depth.An infrared version of LiDAR is used in forest applications, principally for biomass surveys and profiling of canopies (Lefsky et al. 1999). More recently, attention has expanded to underwater marine and freshwater applications. Under ideal conditions in coastal waters, blue-green laser penetration allows detection of structures down to depths approximately three times greater than passive light reflection. LiDAR has penetrated to a recorded maximum of 35 m in oceanic environments (Guenther 2007). Applications of blue-green laser techniques to mapping underwater structures have recently expanded. Marine s...

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“…The Keweenaw Peninsula shelters the Gay site from wind-generated waves, with headings between 210° and 360°. Prevailing currents along the eastern coastline of the Keweenaw Peninsula flow predominantly southwestward, parallel to isobaths [35,39,40]. Measurements by Sloss and Saylor [39] documented periodically strong (1.0-5.0 cm· s −1 ) summer and fall southwestward alongshore currents.…”

Section: Features Of Grand (Big) Traverse Baymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…ArcGIS 9.3 (ESRI) was used to digitize this aerial photo [33]. Strong prevailing currents [34,35] (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory Now-cast Wind Model (2010)) transported stamp sand particles southwestward, covering northern natural Jacobsville Sandstone outcrops and southern white beach sands. Eight other aerial photos, taken between 1944 and 2010, provided subsequent shoreline edge changes on the original tailings pile and estimates of redeposition along southern beaches, both quantified with ArcGIS and ENVI ( Figure 6, Table 1 [33]).…”

Section: Charts Overflights and Mass Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Studies Examine Coastal Environments Influenced by Mining

Kerfoot

Hobmeier

Yousef

et al. 2014

IJGI

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There are numerous examples of past and present mine disposal into freshwater and marine coastal bays and riverine environments. Due to its high spatial resolution and extended water penetration, coastal light detection and ranging (LiDAR), coupled with multispectral scanning (MSS), has great promise for resolving disturbed shoreline features in low turbidity environments. Migrating mine tailings present serious issues for Lake Superior and coastal marine environments. Previous investigations in Lake Superior uncovered a metal-rich "halo" around the Keweenaw Peninsula, related to past copper mining practices. For over a century, waste rock migrating from shoreline tailing piles has moved along extensive stretches of coastline, compromising critical fish breeding grounds, damming stream outlets, transgressing into wetlands and along recreational beaches and OPEN ACCESS ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2014, 3 67 suppressing benthic invertebrate communities. In Grand (Big) Traverse Bay, Buffalo Reef is an important spawning area for lake trout and whitefish threatened by drifting tailings. The movement of tailings into Buffalo Reef cobble fields may interfere with the hatching of fish eggs and fry survival, either by filling in crevices where eggs are deposited or by toxic effects on eggs, newly hatched larvae or benthic communities. Here, we show that the coastal tailing migration is not "out of sight, out of mind", but clearly revealed by using a combination of LiDAR and MSS techniques.

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Prognostic Modeling Studies of the Keweenaw Current in Lake Superior. Part I: Formation and Evolution

Cited by 80 publications

References 13 publications

Accounting Conservatism and the Company's Performance: the Moderating Effect of the Ownership Structure

Accounting Conservatism and the Company's Performance: the Moderating Effect of the Ownership Structure

Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and multispectral studies of disturbed Lake Superior coastal environments

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Studies Examine Coastal Environments Influenced by Mining

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