Prognostic impact of p53 and/or NY‐ESO‐1 autoantibody induction in patients with gastroenterological cancers

Abstract

Background and Aim:We evaluated the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of serum p53 (s-p53-Abs) and serum NY-ESO-1 autoantibodies (s-NY-ESO-1-Abs) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients and Methods:A total of 377 patients, 85 patients with ESCC, 248 patients with gastric cancer, and 44 patients with HCC were enrolled to measure s-p53-Abs and s-NY-ESO-1-Abs titers by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before treatment. The clinicopathological significance and prognostic impact of the presence of autoantibodies were evaluated. Expression data based on the Cancer Genome Atlas and the prognostic impact of gene expression was also examined for discussion. Results:The positive rates of s-p53-Abs were 32.9% in ESCC, 15% in gastric cancer, and 4.5% in HCC. The positive rates of s-NY-ESO-1-Abs were 29.4% in ESCC, 9.7% in gastric cancer, and 13.6% in HCC. The presence of s-p53-Abs was not associated with tumor progression in these three cancer types. On the other hand, the presence of s-NY-ESO-1-Abs was significantly associated with tumor progression in ESCC and gastric cancer. The presence of s-p53-Abs and/or s-NY-ESO-1-Abs was significantly associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer but not in ESCC nor HCC. Conclusions:The presence of s-p53-Abs and/or s-NY-ESO-1-Abs was associated with tumor progression in ESCC and gastric cancer. These autoantibodies might have poor prognostic impacts on gastric cancer (UMIN000014530).

Modern Diagnosis of Early Esophageal Cancer: From Blood Biomarkers to Advanced Endoscopy and Artificial Intelligence

“…In this regard, antibodies directed against circulating tumor-associated antigens have been demonstrated to be present in the serum of patients many years before the diagnosis of cancer and might be a useful non-invasive tool in cancer screening [24,25]. Accordingly, serum antibodies against p53 demonstrated a statistically significant relationship with the subsequent development of malignancy with an average lead time to diagnosis of 3.5 years in lung cancer [41,42] and have been recently associated with tumor progression in ESCC [43]. In 2015, a systematic review [4] investigated the role of autoantibodies in the diagnosis of ESCC and EAC.…”

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