Prognostic impact of metabolic syndrome in patients with primary endometrial cancer: a retrospective bicentric study

Abstract

Purpose Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecological cancer. Its incidence has been rising over the years with ageing and increased obesity of the high-income countries’ populations. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been suggested to be associated with EC. The aim of this study was to assess whether MetS has a significant impact on oncological outcome in patients with EC. Methods This retrospective study included patients treated for EC between January 2010 and December 2020 in two referral oncological centers. Obesity, arterial hypertension (AH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) were criteria for the definition of MetS. The impact of MetS on progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was assessed with log-rank test and Cox regression analyses. Results Among the 415 patients with a median age of 64, 38 (9.2%) fulfilled the criteria for MetS. The median follow-up time was 43 months. Patients suffering from MetS did not show any significant differences regarding PFS (36.0 vs. 40.0 months, HR: 1.49, 95% CI 0.79–2.80 P = 0.210) and OS (38.0 vs. 43.0 months, HR: 1.66, 95% CI 0.97–2.87, P = 0.063) compared to patients without MetS. Patients with obesity alone had a significantly shorter median PFS compared to patients without obesity (34.5 vs. 44.0 months, P = 0.029). AH and DM separately had no significant impact on PFS or OS (p > 0.05). Conclusion In our analysis, MetS in patients with EC was not associated with impaired oncological outcome. However, our findings show that obesity itself is an important comorbidity associated with significantly reduced PFS.

Metabolic Syndrome and Survival Outcomes in Endometrial Cancer

“…The median PFS for the MetS group was 36 months compared to 40 months for the non-MetS group (HR: 1.49, 95% CI: 0.79-2.80; p = 0.210), in contrast to obese patients who had a demonstrably shorter PFS compared to the non-obese group (34.5 versus 44.0 months; p = 0.029). Similarly, no significant disparity in survival was observed, with a median OS of 38 months for the MetS group and 43 months for the non-MetS group (HR: 1.66, 95% CI: 0.97-2.87; p = 0.063)[59].…”