Prognostic Factors in the Treatment of Lymphatic Malformations

Raveh, Eyal; Jong, A.L. de; Taylor, Glenn; Forte, Vito

doi:10.1001/archotol.1997.01900100035004

Cited by 79 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…While this strategy is successful in some LMs, it is not in others. 5,28,29 Is it possible that LM arise and persist postnatally due to an abnormal local-and potentially systemicimmune response, centered in the stroma surrounding abnormal lymphatic vessels? 9,28,30,31 If this speculation has any merit, then invasive LM treatment may actually exacerbate the clinical findings in extensive LM.…”

Section: Kirsh Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also well understood and documented that microcystic lesions are much more difficult to treat, regardless of modality, and are more likely to recur compared with macrocystic lesions. 1,[4][5][6] The clinical variability seen in LM extends to their natural history and response to treatment, with some LMs treated successfully with a single intervention and others requiring staged and multimodality therapy. Spontaneous regression of LM can also occur, 7 but it is not known what incites regression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tertiary Lymphoid Organs in Lymphatic Malformations

Kirsh

Cushing

Chen

et al. 2011

Lymphatic Research and Biology

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Background: Examine lymphatic malformation lymphoid aggregates for the expression of tertiary lymphoid organ markers. Determine how lymphoid aggregate density relates to lymphatic malformation clinical features. Methods and Results: Retrospective cohort study. Tissue and clinical data were reviewed from 29 patients in the Vascular Anomaly Database who represented the spectrum of head and neck lymphatic malformations and had >5 years of follow-up. Archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lymphatic malformation tissue was immunohistochemically stained with antibodies for tertiary lymphoid organ markers, which included follicular and mature myeloid dendritic cells, high endothelial venules, segregated B and T-cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, and lymphoid homing chemokines (CXCL13, CCL21). Lymphoid aggregate density (count/mm 2 ) was quantified by 2 independent, blinded reviewers. Lymphoid aggregate density and lymphatic malformation clinical features were characterized using analysis of variance. Larger lymphatic malformation tissue lymphoid aggregates stained consistently for tertiary lymphoid organ markers. In oral cavity and neck specimens from the same patients (n ¼ 9), there were more tertiary lymphoid organ in oral cavity than in neck specimens ( p ¼ 0.0235). In lymphatic malformation neck tissue, de Serres stage 4 lymphatic malformations displayed the highest tertiary lymphoid organ density. No significant association was seen between tertiary lymphoid organ density and other clinical features. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that some lymphoid aggregates within lymphatic malformations represent tertiary lymphoid organs. There was an association between tertiary lymphoid organ density and lymphatic malformation location. Further study is required to define the role of lymphoid neogenesis and tertiary lymphoid organ formation in lymphatic malformation pathogenesis.

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Section: Kirsh Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tertiary Lymphoid Organs in Lymphatic Malformations

Kirsh

Cushing

Chen

et al. 2011

Lymphatic Research and Biology

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“…The histological classification is related to prognosis, since infiltrative, non-encapsulated, capillary lymphatic malformations are most difficult to resect [17]. Anatomical staging systems for paediatric patients with lymphatic malformations have been introduced for prognostic purposes [12,18,19]. Yet, the tumour does not respect anatomic borders; e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphatic malformations of the head and neck: Introduction of a disease score for children, Cologne Disease Score (CDS)

Wittekindt

Michel

Streppel

et al. 2006

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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“…Embryologically these lesions are believed to originate from a pinching off of the developing lymphaticovenous sacs, yielding sequestrations of lymphatic tissue that fail to communicate with the remainder of lymphatic system 3 . It accounts for 5% of all benign tumours in infants and children 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete Surgical Excision with Keeping Drain Tube in Situ for 2 to 3 Weeks in the Treatment of Cystic Hygroma: A study of 5 years

Paul

Howlader

Saha

et al. 2016

Faridpur Med Coll J

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Abstract:Lymphangiomas are benign hamartomatous lymphatic tumours characterized by multiple communicating lymphatic channels and cystic spaces. Cystic lyphangiomas may be seen anywhere in the body but are common in neck, axilla, mediastinum and groin. Treatment options are surgical resection, radiation, sclerotherapy etc but have got high recurrence rate and complications. In the present study we hypothesized that complete surgical resection along with keeping a drain for 2-3 wks, may reduce recurrence rate. This prospective study was performed from July 2008 to June 2013. Total 21 children treated during this period by the technique of complete surgical excision with keeping drain tube in situ for 2 to 3 weeks. Ultrasound performed in all patients, CT scan and Duplex study performed in some patients, histopathology done in all patients. Patients with intra-abdominal lymphangioma not included in this study. Twenty one patients were operated during the study period and average duration of keeping drain tube was 18.57 days. Among the 21 cases 2 (9.52%) patients developed mild infection, 1 (4.76%) patient developed infection with pus formation and 1 (4.76%) patient developed recurrence. Our success in the treatment warrants further verification of potential benefits of keeping drain tube in situ for 2-3 weeks after surgical excision of lymphangiomas.

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Prognostic Factors in the Treatment of Lymphatic Malformations

Cited by 79 publications

References 19 publications

Tertiary Lymphoid Organs in Lymphatic Malformations

Tertiary Lymphoid Organs in Lymphatic Malformations

Lymphatic malformations of the head and neck: Introduction of a disease score for children, Cologne Disease Score (CDS)

Complete Surgical Excision with Keeping Drain Tube in Situ for 2 to 3 Weeks in the Treatment of Cystic Hygroma: A study of 5 years

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