Prognostic factors in patients with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistioc ytosis in a Chinese cohort

Pei, Yuanyuan; Zhu, Jihong; Yao, Ranran; Cao, Lingjie; Wang, Ziye; Liang, Renge; Jia, Yuan; Su, Yin

doi:10.1007/s00277-023-05567-x

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…Also, they reported that EBV DNA load influences disease development in sHLH [51]. Among the diverse etiologies of HLH, EBV-associated HLH has the highest mortality [52]. Thus, it has been suggested that an improved HLH index (IH index), which combines parameters such as sCD25, procalcitonin, and eGFR, can be used to identify adult patients with EBV-HLH who have a poor prognosis.…”

Section: Epstein-barr Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Viral Sepsis

Papageorgiou,

Gogos,

Akinosoglou

2024

Viruses

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Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a life-threatening systemic hyperinflammatory syndrome triggered by various infections, particularly viral infections, autoimmune disorders, and malignancy. The condition is characterized by an increased production of proinflammatory cytokines resulting in a cytokine storm and has been associated with poor clinical outcomes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with severe manifestations developed features similar to those of MAS, although these characteristics remained well defined within the lung. Additionally, other viral infections including EBV, the herpes family of viruses, hepatitis viruses, influenza, HIV, and hemorrhagic fevers can be complicated by MAS. The diagnosis and management of the condition remain challenging due to the lack of consensus on specific guidelines, especially among the adult population. Currently, therapeutic options primarily rely on medications that are typically used to treat primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, such as corticosteroids and etoposide. In addition, cytokine-targeted therapies present promising treatment options. The objective of this review is to discuss the emergence of MAS in the context of viral infections including, but not limited to, its occurrence in COVID-19.

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Section: Epstein-barr Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%