Prognostic Factors in Gastrointestinal Endocrine Tumors

Rindi, Guido; D’Adda, Tiziana; Froio, Elisabetta; Fellegara, Giovanni; Bordi, Cesare

doi:10.1007/s12022-007-0020-x

Cited by 96 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Nonetheless, the presence of liver or distant metastases is the prognostic factor determining survival [13] . In our patient, the diagnosis of a malignant well differentiated pNET was made on a biopsy specimen obtained during an explorative laparotomy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoadjuvant peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for aninoperable neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor

Kaemmerer

Prasad²,

Daffner³

et al. 2009

WJG

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Pancreatic endocrine tumors are rare but are among the most common neuroendocrine neoplasms of the abdomen. At diagnosis many of them are already advanced and difficult to treat. We report on an initially inoperable malignant pancreatic endocrine tumor in a 33-year-old woman, who received neoadjuvant peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) as first-line treatment. This resulted in a significant downstaging of the tumor and allowed its subsequent complete surgical removal. Follow-up for eighteen months revealed a complete remission. This is the first report on neoadjuvant PRRT in a neuroendocrine neoplasm with subsequent successful complete resection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoadjuvant peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for aninoperable neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor

Kaemmerer

Prasad²,

Daffner³

et al. 2009

WJG

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“…Generally, hyperproliferation is suggested to be relevant to carcinogenesis of many organs (20)(21)(22). Therefore, the control of cell proliferation in the target organs is regarded as an important strategy for chemoprevention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemopreventive effect of fermented brown rice and rice bran (FBRA) on the inflammation-related colorectal carcinogenesis in ApcMin/+ mice

Yamada¹

2009

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. Our previous study revealed that fermented brown rice and rice bran (FBRA) suppresses rat colorectal carcinogenesis induced by azoxymethane, the colon-specific carcinogen. In the present study, we examined the suppressive effect of FBRA on colon carcinogenesis in Apc Min/+ mouse, a mouse model for human familial adenomatous polyposis. In contrast to previous findings with the carcinogen-induced model, administration of 5 and 10% FBRA had no effect on the tumor development in the colon of Apc Min/+ mice, suggesting that the modifying effects of FBRA on colorectal carcinogenesis are different depending on rodent models for colorectal carcinogenesis. However, when FBRA is administrated in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-exposed Apc Min/+ mouse, a mouse model for the inflammation-related colorectal carcinogenesis, FBRA significantly suppressed the multiplicity of colon tumors in comparison with control diet group. FBRA administration suppressed the cell proliferative index, which is accompanied by the significantly decreased mRNA expressions of Cox2 and iNos in colonic mucosa exposed to DSS (p<0.04 and 0.02, respectively). These findings indicate that FBRA has chemopreventive effects specifically against inflammation-related tumorigenesis in the colon. Our findings also suggest that anti-inflammatory activity is one of the underlying mechanisms by which FBRA suppresses tumorigenesis in the colon. IntroductionInflammation has been recognized as a major factor in the pathogenesis of several common diseases, including cancer. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), have an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) (1). The molecular alterations in colitis-associated CRC are thought to be similar to the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in sporadic colorectal carcinoma, including the loss of function of the APC, p53 and K-ras gene. However, it is suggested that the timing and frequency of these genetic alterations in colitis-associated CRC occur differently from sporadic colorectal carcinomas (2-4).Animal models of experimental colitis have been developed and are often used to evaluate new treatments for IBD (4). As the onset of inflammation is immediate and the procedure is relatively straightforward, chemically induced models of intestinal inflammation, such as the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model, belong to the most commonly used IBD animal models (5,6). Importantly, when Apc Min/+ mice, which harbor a germline mutation in the Apc gene, are exposed to DSS, colitis markedly accelerates the development of dysplasia and cancer in the colon of Apc Min/+ mice (7). Therefore, it is now regarded that DSS-treated Apc Min/+ mouse is one of rodent models for inflammation-related colorectal tumorigenesis.Epidemiological studies and experimental evidence have suggested a potential relationship between components of the diet and several diseases, including . A large number of experimental studies have shown that high intake of dietary fiber, vegetables, fruits ...

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“…This is because the posterior lesion is more cystic (post-treatment) and contains less active tumour, but appears more intense on the DWI image due to the T2 shine through effect (Color figure online) subtype 2, which has long been exploited for imaging of these tumours using the somatostatin analogue, octreotide [45]. The liver is the most common site for metastasis [46], and liver metastases are associated with worse 5-year survival [47]. PET with somatostatin receptor analogues such as 68 Ga-labelled 1,4,7,10-tetra-azacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetra-acetic acid (DOTA) peptides, which include DOTA-D-Phe 1 -Tyr 3 -octreotide (DOTATOC), DOTA-1-Nal 3 -octreotide (DOTANOC), or DOTA-D-Phe 1 -Tyr 3 -octreotate (DOTATATE), has shown higher diagnostic potential because of a higher affinity for the somatostatin receptor subtype 2 [48].…”

Section: Pet/mri For Imaging Of Net Hepatic Metastasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of PET/MRI for identification and characterisation of liver lesions

Nasoodi

Syed

Afaq

et al. 2014

Clin Transl Imaging

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has long been considered the gold standard for evaluation of hepatic lesions. There has, however, been much recent interest in functional analysis of malignant lesions, and conventional imaging tests are no longer able to answer all the clinical questions. In the current era, anatomical characterisation, e.g. regarding size and density, is no longer deemed adequate. Combined imaging with PET/CT provides clarity and insight but at times can be challenging, especially in certain parts of the body such as the liver, pelvis and brain, where test sensitivity is compromised. PET/MRI, a hybrid imaging technology, can be used to improve upon the soft-tissue contrast offered by MRI and the biochemical and metabolic information provided by PET, with overall improvement in test sensitivity and hence increased diagnostic accuracy and improved tissue characterisation. Furthermore, various radiolabelled PET tracers can be used to improve the accuracy of staging, determination of the extent of disease, evaluation of treatment response, prognostic assessment and differentiation between post-therapeutic changes and tumour recurrence. In this article, we review the advantages of PET/MRI over conventional imaging in identifying and characterising liver lesions.

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Prognostic Factors in Gastrointestinal Endocrine Tumors

Cited by 96 publications

References 50 publications

Neoadjuvant peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for aninoperable neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor

Neoadjuvant peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for aninoperable neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor

Chemopreventive effect of fermented brown rice and rice bran (FBRA) on the inflammation-related colorectal carcinogenesis in ApcMin/+ mice

Use of PET/MRI for identification and characterisation of liver lesions

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