Prognostic factors for failed Pavlik harness treatment in infants with developmental dysplasia of the hip: a retrospective cohort study

Abdulla, Nada; Ashoor, Maryam; Heinz, Nicholas; Alexopoulos, Vasileios; Majid, Ibrar; Morakis, Emmanouil; Khamis, Amar Hassan; Alshryda, Sattar

doi:10.1007/s00264-023-05829-3

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Several studies have indicated an increased failure rate of the PH in older patients and cases involving highly dislocated hips, suggesting that failure may be attributed to mechanical factors. [20][21][22] However, one study highlighted that the primary cause of PH failure was primarily anatomic rather than mechanical. 23 It is conceivable that the initial application of the PH, as well as the time lapse between the first and second attempts with the PH, may have contributed to the enhancement of specific mechanical aspects, ultimately resulting in successful reduction upon the second application.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reapplication of the Pavlik Harness for Treatment of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip After Initial Pavlik Harness Failure

Tomaru,

Kamegaya,

Saisu

et al. 2023

Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics

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Objective: The Pavlik harness (PH) has been widely used as the standard treatment for infants with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). When the initial application of the PH fails, alternative treatments, such as closed reduction, open reduction, and reapplication of the PH will be considered. Compared with other treatments, reapplication of the PH offers certain advantages, including simplicity and reduced physical, and psychological stress, on both infants and caregivers. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of reapplying the PH in patients with DDH. Methods: This study included patients with DDH (complete dislocation) who were treated by reapplication of PH between 1988 and 2012. Patients who were able to follow-up for more than 5 years were included. We examined the reduction rate and several factors to identify indicators associated with successful reduction during reapplication, including age, sex, side of hip dislocation, and the presence of the Ortolani sign. At the final follow-up, hip development was assessed using the Severin classification, whereas avascular necrosis (AVN) was evaluated using the Kalamchi classification and the Salter criteria. Results: A total of 56 patients (48 females and 8 males) and 57 hips were included in this study. The mean age at first and second application of PH was 4.2 months old (range: 0.12 to 6.4), and 5.8 months old (3.0 to 11.4), respectively. The reduction rate was 49% (28 out of 57 hips). Among the successfully reduced hips, the AVN rate was 3.6% (1 out of 28 hips). The Severin classification revealed 27 hips in class I and 1 hip in class III. Statistical analysis indicated a significantly higher proportion of left hip involvement in the reduction group (85% vs 41%, χ2 test, P < 0.001). Although not statistically significant, the rate of positive Ortolani sign tended to be higher in the reduction group (61% vs 38%, χ2 test, P = 0.06). Conclusion: The reapplication method demonstrated a 49% reduction rate and a low AVN rate of 3.6% in our study. It is worth considering for patients who fail the initial PH treatment, particularly in cases of left-side dislocation and a positive Ortolani sign during the initial application.

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