Prognostic Factors and Association of Inflammatory Biomarkers with Severity and Mortality in COVID-19

Khan, Hamzullah; Khan, Shahtaj; Riaz, Huma; Khattak, Asad Rehman

doi:10.51985/jbumdc054

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…We observed that the mean age of patients with SD in the first wave was 54 +12 years, and in the 4th wave, 56+16 years was not significantly different in both phases for hospitalized patients(p-0.571). As per our previous experience, we had reported that 35 (49.3%) of the patients had age >55 years and 25 (35.2%) among the ICU patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 11 . However, a study from India comparing the 1 wave with the 2 wave reported the younger age group was affected more in the second wave.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Comparison of Hematological and Inflammatory Markers to Predict Outcome in Covid-19 in 1st and 4th Wave

Khan

et al. 2022

J Gandhara Med Dent Sci

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OBJECTIVES: To compare the values of the hematological and inflammatory markers in 1st and 4th waves to predict the outcome of COVID-19 in a hospital-based study. METHODOLOGY: This comparative study was conducted in the Department of Hematology, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, from April 2020 to 20 August 2021. Tests of significance (Independent t-test/Mann Whitney U test) and Chi-square test were used. Relevant information was recorded on a pre-designed proforma prepared following the study's objectives. RESULTS: A total of 178 patients, 71 from (the 1st wave) and 107 from (the 4th wave) with known outcomes, were studied. A statistically significant difference exists between the groups (1st vs 4th wave) regarding hematological markers; neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (p=0.02), Absolute Neutrophilic count (ANC) (p=0.01) and platelet count (p=0.001). Similarly, significantly higher inflammatory markers values were recorded in the 1st wave compared with the 4th wave regarding inflammatory markers; CRP (p=0.002) and D-dimer (p=0.001). During the 1st wave, Total Leukocyte Count (TLC), ANC and d-dimer were the leading prognostic indicators to predict mortality/worst outcome in COVID-19 with an Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.74, 0.70 and 0.7 on receiver operating characteristics (ROC) respectively. In 4th, the Area under the curve (AUC) of d-dimer was 0.84 to predict mortality. CONCLUSION: TLC, ANC, NLR, and low platelet count were the worst hematological markers in COVID-19 in the first wave, while d-dimer and CRP were the primary prognostic inflammatory markers. Unlikely in the 4th wave, the prognostic values of hematological markers were merely significant. The d-dimer values in both the waves proved to be reliable for predicting the severity and mortality of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Comparison of Hematological and Inflammatory Markers to Predict Outcome in Covid-19 in 1st and 4th Wave

Khan

et al. 2022

J Gandhara Med Dent Sci

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Role of Inflammatory Markers in Severity, ICU Admission, and Mortality in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 79,934 Patients

Hiwa O. Abdullah,

Sadraldin A. Braim,

Maria A. Rasool

et al. 2024

Barw Medical Journal

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Introduction Despite extensive investigations into the roles of inflammatory biomarkers in the prognosis of COVID-19 through systematic reviews and meta-analyses, they are limited by small sample sizes and focus on a specific marker. This meta-analysis investigated the role of 11 inflammatory biomarkers in severity, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mortality among COVID-19 patients. Methods Studies up to October 25, 2023, were identified through a search of Google Scholar, limited to human studies published in English. Inclusion criteria required confirmed COVID-19 cases diagnosed via reliable laboratory methods, original articles from eligible journals, proper grouping of severity status, ICU admission, or mortality outcomes, and presentation of continuous data in mean and standard deviation, median with range, or interquartile range. Results A total of 241 studies, comprising 79,934 cases of COVID-19, were included in this study. Albumin levels significantly declined in severe, ICU, and dead cases compared to mild, moderate, non-ICU, and survived cases (p<0.001). C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), ferritin, fibrinogen, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), procalcitonin, and white blood cell (WBC) were all significantly (p<0.001) increased and correlated with the severity of COVID-19. CRP, D-dimer, ferritin, fibrinogen, IL-6, LDH, NLR, procalcitonin, and WBC were all significantly (p<0.05) elevated and correlated with the risk of ICU admission (except fibrinogen) and mortality in COVID-19 in both fixed and random effects. Conclusion Inflammatory biomarkers like albumin, CRP, D-dimer, ferritin, IL-6, LDH, NLR, procalcitonin, and WBC all significantly impact severity status, ICU admission, and mortality in COVID-19.

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Prognostic Factors and Association of Inflammatory Biomarkers with Severity and Mortality in COVID-19

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

Comparison of Hematological and Inflammatory Markers to Predict Outcome in Covid-19 in 1st and 4th Wave

Comparison of Hematological and Inflammatory Markers to Predict Outcome in Covid-19 in 1st and 4th Wave

Role of Inflammatory Markers in Severity, ICU Admission, and Mortality in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 79,934 Patients

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