Prognosis of osteopenia in chronic alcoholics

González‐Reimers, Emilio; Alvisa-Negrín, Julio; Santolaria-Fernández, Francisco; Ros-Vilamajo, R.; Martín-González, M. Candelaria; Hernández-Betancor, Iván; García-Valdecasas-Campelo, Elena; González-Díaz, Antonieta

doi:10.1016/j.alcohol.2010.09.002

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The findings of the present cross sectional analysis demonstrate that cortical bone mass and architecture in young adult male rhesus macaques were not significantly affected by 15 months (3 month induction phase plus 12 month voluntary drinking phase) of chronic heavy alcohol consumption. Many studies in human alcoholics have associated chronic heavy alcohol consumption with low BMD [3, 4, 43–50]. In the majority, subjects had alcoholism-related comorbidities, such as liver or kidney disease, pancreatitis, smoking, impaired ability to carry out activities of daily living, or poor nutrition, which could have alcohol-independent detrimental skeletal effects [3, 47, 51–53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twelve months of voluntary heavy alcohol consumption in male rhesus macaques suppresses intracortical bone remodeling

Gaddini

Grant

Woodall

et al. 2015

Bone

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Chronic heavy alcohol consumption is a risk factor for cortical bone fractures in males. The increase in fracture risk may be due, in part, to reduced bone quality. Intracortical (osteonal) bone remodeling is the principle mechanism for maintaining cortical bone quality. However, it is not clear how alcohol abuse impacts intracortical bone remodeling. This study investigated the effects of long-duration heavy alcohol consumption on intracortical bone remodeling in a non-human primate model. Following a 4-month induction period, male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta, n = 21) were allowed to voluntarily self-administer water or alcohol (4% ethanol w/v) for 22 h/d, 7 d/wk for 12 months. Control monkeys (n = 13) received water and an isocaloric maltose-dextrin solution. Tetracycline hydrochloride was administered orally 17 and 3 days prior to sacrifice for determination of active mineralization sites. Animals in the alcohol group consumed 2.7 ± 0.2 g alcohol/kg/d (mean ± SE) during the 12 months of self-administration, resulting in a mean daily blood alcohol concentration of 77 ± 9 mg/dl from samples taken at 7 h after the start of a daily session. However, blood alcohol concentration varied widely from day to day, with peak levels exceeding 250 mg/dl, modeling a binge-drinking pattern of alcohol consumption. The skeletal response to alcohol was determined by densitometry, microcomputed tomography and histomorphometry. Significant differences in tibial bone mineral content, bone mineral density, and cortical bone architecture (cross-sectional volume, cortical volume, marrow volume, cortical thickness, and polar moment of inertia) in the tibial diaphysis were not detected with treatment. However, cortical porosity was lower (1.8 ± 0.5 % versus 0.6 ± 0.1 %, p = 0.021) and labeled osteon density was lower (0.41 ± 0.2/mm2 versus 0.04 ± 0.01/mm2, p < 0.003) in alcohol-consuming monkeys compared to controls, indicating a reduced rate of intracortical bone remodeling. In concordance, plasma CTx was lower (2.5 ± 0.3 ng/ml versus 1.7 ± 0.1 ng/ml, p = 0.028) in the alcohol group. These results suggest that chronic heavy alcohol consumption may negatively impact bone health, in part, by suppressing intracortical bone remodeling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twelve months of voluntary heavy alcohol consumption in male rhesus macaques suppresses intracortical bone remodeling

Gaddini

Grant

Woodall

et al. 2015

Bone

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“…Most alcoholic patients with Pseudo Cushing syndrome are obese -obesity counteracting the possible direct effect of cortisol on bone breakdown, although, in contrast, cortisol promotes muscle atrophy. In several clinical and experimental studies, we have failed to find a relation between cortisol and BMD, or differences in cortisol levels between alcoholics and nonalcoholics 7,10,15,16,19,20 . Besides its action on calcium metabolism and bone mineralization, vitamin D also exerts an important effect on the muscle.…”

Section: Altered Hormone Levels: Muscle Atrophymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those patients with the highest estradiol levels showed the highest BMD values 18 . In a study on 52 cirrhotics and 72 non-cirrhotics, the former showed, in general, lower BMD values, but using a multivariate approach, the parameter which showed closest association with low BMD was the amount of ethanol consumed 19 . Calcium levels are low in cirrhotic alcoholics, even corrected by albumin, and this is also usually accompanied by a decrease in vitamin D levels.…”

Section: All Authors Contributed To Conception and Design Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone changes in alcoholics: A review

Gonzlez-Reimers¹,

Santolaria-Fernndez²,

Alvisa-Negrn³

2013

OA Alcohol

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IntroductionAlcoholism may damage the skeleton. In addition to a direct effect of ethanol, many other mechanisms are involved which should be considered in the clinical evaluation of alcoholic patients. We will review the mechanism and clinical consequences of bone alterations observed in alcoholics. ConclusionOsteoporosis is the main metabolic disease observed in alcoholic patients. The main factors involved in its pathogenesis are: a direct effect of ethanol, associated malnutrition, liver disease, altered hormone profile and cytokine pattern, and alcoholic myopathy. Osteoporosis may lead to bone fracture. It improves with ethanol withdrawal.

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“…Alcohol: Alcohol is another toxic substance affecting BMD [54,55] . It is also quite well rooted in the Spanish population.…”

Section: Influence Of Tobaccomentioning

confidence: 99%

Male osteoporosis: A review

Herrera

Lobo-Escolar²,

Mateo³

et al. 2012

WJO

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Osteoporosis in men is a heterogeneous disease that has received little attention. However, one third of worldwide hip fractures occur in the male population. This problem is more prevalent in people over 70 years of age. The etiology can be idiopathic or secondary to hypogonadism, vitamin D deficiency and inadequate calcium intake, hormonal treatments for prostate cancer, use of toxic and every disease or drug use that alters bone metabolism. Risk factors such as a previous history of fragility fracture should be assessed for the diagnosis. However, risk factors in men are very heterogeneous. There are significant differences in the pharmacological treatment of osteoporosis between men and women fundamentally due to the level of evidence in published trials supporting each treatment. New treatments will offer new therapeutic prospects. The goal of this work is a revision of the present status knowledge about male osteoporosis.

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Prognosis of osteopenia in chronic alcoholics

Cited by 22 publications

References 61 publications

Twelve months of voluntary heavy alcohol consumption in male rhesus macaques suppresses intracortical bone remodeling

Twelve months of voluntary heavy alcohol consumption in male rhesus macaques suppresses intracortical bone remodeling

Bone changes in alcoholics: A review

Male osteoporosis: A review

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