Prognosis of Oligodendroglioma Patients Stratified by Age: A SEER Population-Based Analysis

Abstract

Purpose Glioma may affect patients of any age. So far, only a limited number of big data studies have been conducted concerning oligodendroglioma (OG) in diverse age groups. This study evaluated the risk factors for OG in different age groups using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database built by the National Cancer Institute, which is part of the National Institutes of Health. Patients and Methods A total of 5437 cases within the SEER database were included. These patients were divided into seven age groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was employed for survival analysis. The independent risk factors for the survival of OG patients were identified using the Cox regression model. A nomogram was drawn with R software based on the independent risk factors. The X-tile software was adopted to find the optimal age group at diagnosis. Results The all-cause mortality and the tumor-specific mortality increased with age. The univariate analysis showed that the patients’ age, gender, primary lesion location, side affected by the primary lesion (left or right), surgery for the primary lesion, and tumor size were correlated with survival (P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age was an independent risk factor for the survival of OG patients (P<0.05). The optimal cutoff value of age in terms of overall survival (OS) and cause-specific survival (CSS) were identified as 48 and 61 years and 48 and 59 years, respectively. Conclusion The older the age, the worse the survival would be. That’s, the mortality increased with age. In the clinic, healthcare professionals should be fully aware of the variability in the prognosis of OG patients in different age groups. Therefore, individualized treatments are recommended to OG patients in different age groups to optimize the prognosis.

Long-term follow up of patients with WHO grade 2 oligodendroglioma

“…There are also several oligodendroglioma studies with data from large American cancer registries (National Cancer Database/NCBD and SEER/Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results) that have shown correlations between GTR and prolonged survival when compared to biopsy/no surgery [ 34 , 35 ], especially in anaplastic oligodendrogliomas [ 23 ]. Conflicting results particularly for the role of subtotal resections (STR) among these studies, and in relation to other studies based on the same registries, have been reported, possibly due partly to different interpretations of the codes used for extent of resection [ 23 , 29 , 34 , 35 , 40 , 41 ]. The less prominent effect of surgical resection in oligodendrogliomas may be due to data immaturity, since, in many studies, the number of events may come in single digits for the oligodendroglioma subgroup [ 17 , 18 , 27 , 31 ] or reflect only the first few years in a disease course expected to last for almost two decades [ 14 , 29 , 33 ].…”

From Theory to Practice: Implementing the WHO 2021 Classification of Adult Diffuse Gliomas in Neuropathology Diagnosis

“…Oligodendrogliomas, IDH-mutant, 1p19q-codeleted have an average annual incidence of 0.48 per 100,000, and typically appear in patients between their fourth and fifth decade of life, with a median overall survival of 10-17 years depending on patient demographics, tumour size and location, and the pursued treatment protocol [1,42]. These tumours preferentially localize to the cerebral hemispheres, most commonly to the frontal lobes, followed by temporal and parietal locations, with occipital localization being rare [1,[43][44][45].…”

Capicua (CIC) mutations in gliomas in association with MAPK activation for exposing a potential therapeutic target.

“…Oligodendrogliomas, de ned by the presence of IDH1/2 mutation and cooccurring loss of chromosomes 1p and 19q, make up < 7% of adult diffuse glioma diagnoses. They are relatively slow-growing tumors, with a much better prognosis if discovered at an early age [5][6][7].…”