Prognosis of early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma in young patients

Abstract

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a familiar lung cancer with a poor prognosis. This study was meant to determine whether there are differences in survival between younger and older patients with early‐stage LUAD because of the rise in the incidence of LUAD in young individuals over the previous few decades. We analysed the clinical, therapeutic and prognostic features of a cohort (2012‐2013) of 831 consecutive patients with stage I/II LUAD who underwent curative surgical resection at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed for age, sex, tumour size, tumour stage and therapy in a 2:1 ratio between the two groups without taking gender, illness stage at operation or decisive treatment into account. Following PSM analysis to create a 2:1 match for comparison, the final survival study included 163 patients with early‐stage LUAD <50 years and 326 patients ≥50 years. Surprisingly, younger patients were overwhelmingly female (65.6%) and never smokers (85.9%). There were no statistical differences between the two groups in terms of the overall survival rate (P = 0.067) or time to advancement (P = 0.76). In conclusion, no significant differences stood out between older and younger patients with stage I/II LUAD regarding overall and disease‐free survival rates. Younger patients with early‐stage LUAD were more likely to be female and never smokers, which suggests that risk factors other than active smoking may be responsible for lung carcinogenesis in these patients.