Profiling the secretomes of plant pathogenic Proteobacteria

Preston, Gail M.; Studholme, David J.; Caldelari, Isabelle

doi:10.1016/j.fmrre.2005.01.001

Cited by 58 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…T1SS and T2SS substrates, such as lipases, proteases, and beta-glucanases, are implicated in the antifungal activities of several different bacterial species (11,38,172,229,330,374) and in some cases may function synergistically with bacterial secondary metabolites (110). Other secretion systems, such as the T3SS and T4SS, are responsible for the direct delivery of bacterial proteins or DNA into the host cytoplasm and have been widely studied in the context of bacterial virulence toward higher eukaryotes (7,129,312). The heterologous expression of T3SS effector proteins from a range of plant-and animal-pathogenic bacteria in S. cerevisiae has been used successfully to identify their potential cellular functions (368).…”

Section: Bacterial-fungal Molecular Interactions and Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial-Fungal Interactions: Hyphens between Agricultural, Clinical, Environmental, and Food Microbiologists

Frey‐Klett

Burlinson

Deveau

et al. 2011

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

721

531

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SUMMARY Bacteria and fungi can form a range of physical associations that depend on various modes of molecular communication for their development and functioning. These bacterial-fungal interactions often result in changes to the pathogenicity or the nutritional influence of one or both partners toward plants or animals (including humans). They can also result in unique contributions to biogeochemical cycles and biotechnological processes. Thus, the interactions between bacteria and fungi are of central importance to numerous biological questions in agriculture, forestry, environmental science, food production, and medicine. Here we present a structured review of bacterial-fungal interactions, illustrated by examples sourced from many diverse scientific fields. We consider the general and specific properties of these interactions, providing a global perspective across this emerging multidisciplinary research area. We show that in many cases, parallels can be drawn between different scenarios in which bacterial-fungal interactions are important. Finally, we discuss how new avenues of investigation may enhance our ability to combat, manipulate, or exploit bacterial-fungal complexes for the economic and practical benefit of humanity as well as reshape our current understanding of bacterial and fungal ecology.

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Section: Bacterial-fungal Molecular Interactions and Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial-Fungal Interactions: Hyphens between Agricultural, Clinical, Environmental, and Food Microbiologists

Frey‐Klett

Burlinson

Deveau

et al. 2011

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

721

531

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Section: Secreted Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several bacterial proteins are transported through the T4SS to enable the efficient transfer and integration of bacterial DNA [31][32][33] . It is important to note that many pathogens rely on multiple mechanisms of protein secretion 13 . For example, many Erwinia species require both a T2SS and a T3SS to cause disease 15 , and several strains of Xanthomonas have T2SS, T3SS and T4SS 34 .…”

Section: Secreted Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, in many early genetic screens for mutants of bacterial pathogenesis, mutations that disrupted the function of protein-secretion systems were identified rather than effector proteins and enzymes that are direct modulators of plant biology (reviewed in REF. 13 ).Three distinct protein-secretion pathways have been extensively studied in plant pathogens. The type II secretion system (T2SS), or the Out system, is essential for microbes with a softrotting lifestyle, characteristic of bacteria in the genus Erwinia 14,15 (FIG.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bacterial elicitation and evasion of plant innate immunity

Abramovitch

Anderson

Martin

2006

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol

376

285

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Recent research on plant responses to bacterial attack has identified extracellular and intracellular host receptors that recognize conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns and more specialized virulence proteins, respectively. These findings have shed light on our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which bacteria elicit host defences and how pathogens have evolved to evade or suppress these defences.Plants are a rich source of nutrients and water for microbes, and they are infected by many bacterial pathogens from both the Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria phyla (Supplementary information 1 (table)). Because of their broad host range, serious economic consequences and experimental tractability, the most intensively studied bacteria are members of the Proteobacteria phylum (such as Agrobacterium, Erwinia, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia and Xanthomonas) [1][2][3][4] . These pathogens are spread by wind, rain, insects or cultivation practices. They enter plant tissues either by wounds or through natural openings such as lenticels, hydathodes or stomata 5 , and they occupy the inter cellular spaces (apoplast) of various plant tissues or the xylem.Plant-pathogenic members of the Proteobacteria cause diverse disease symptoms, including specks, spots, blights, wilts, galls and cankers, and they can cause host-cell death in roots, leaves, flowers, fruits, stems and tubers (FIG. 1). These symptoms affect both yield and quality of agricultural crops and bacterial diseases can have serious economic, social and even political consequences [6][7][8] . Control of bacterial diseases is only partially effective and consists of copper-based sprays, antibiotics, biocontrol strategies, large-scale removal of infected plants and, most importantly, host genetic resistance 5 . Therefore, research on bacterial diseases of plants helps to elucidate fundamental aspects of microbial pathogenesis and associated host responses and also to develop more effective and sustainable disease-control methods.Correspondence to G.B.M. gbm7@cornell.edu. Competing interests statementThe authors declare no competing financial interests. DATABASES NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptPlant-pathogenic bacteria use virulence strategies that are either specialized to plant tissues or are broadly conserved among pathogens of both plants and animals (FIG. 1). Bacterial virulence is manifested as increases in the rate of growth or final population size, as well as by enhanced disease symptoms, which promote the spread of the pathogen through the plant or the broader environment.Unlike mammals, plants have a complex cell wall that bacteria must surmount to gain access to water and nutrients. Bacteria attack this barrier with extracellular virulence factors, such as cell wall degrading enzymes, and bypass it by the secretion of cell wall-permeable toxins 5 . However, perhaps the most effective virulence strategy, and one shared with animal bacterial pathogens, is to breach the wall by use of the type III s...

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“…There are at least eight secretion systems present in the genome of P. atrosepticum: the type I-VI systems, the fimbrial usher system, and the twin arginine pathway (Bell et al, 2004;Preston et al, 2005). Type VI is the most recently described secretion pathway in bacteria (Bingle et al, 2008;Filloux et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microarray profiling of host-extract-induced genes and characterization of the type VI secretion cluster in the potato pathogen Pectobacterium atrosepticum

et al. 2008

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Pectobacterium atrosepticum is a Gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacterium that rots potato stems and tubers. Microarray analysis was used to identify genes that were differentially expressed when host extracts were added to the growth medium. Potato extracts downregulated the expression of ribosomal genes and genes related to uptake and metabolism of nutrients, and upregulated genes needed for nitrate or phosphonate use. Some of the observed changes in gene expression in host-extract-induced cultures are similar to those during attachment of the bacterium to host tissues. Other responses indicated defence against toxic metabolites in the extract. Tuber extract induced a large gene cluster having homology to type VI secretion genes shown to be virulence determinants in many, but not all, animal and human pathogens. Two of the genes in the type VI cluster were found to be expressed during infection in potato tubers and stems, and mutants with knockouts of the corresponding genes had increased virulence on potato. One of the type VI secretion mutants was further characterized and found to grow to higher cell density in culture in the presence of host extract and to produce slightly more extracellular tissue-macerating enzymes than the wild-type strain. Analysis of secreted proteins showed that this type VI mutant was affected in the production of haemolysin-coregulated proteins (Hcps), which have been suggested to be secreted by the type VI pathway in other bacteria. The results suggest that the type VI secretion system of P. atrosepticum is needed for secretion of Hcps but not for virulence on its host plant, potato.

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Profiling the secretomes of plant pathogenic Proteobacteria

Cited by 58 publications

References 234 publications

Bacterial-Fungal Interactions: Hyphens between Agricultural, Clinical, Environmental, and Food Microbiologists

Bacterial-Fungal Interactions: Hyphens between Agricultural, Clinical, Environmental, and Food Microbiologists

Bacterial elicitation and evasion of plant innate immunity

Microarray profiling of host-extract-induced genes and characterization of the type VI secretion cluster in the potato pathogen Pectobacterium atrosepticum

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